Preparation of Disappearing Inks and Studying the Fading Time on Different Paper Surfaces

Abstract: Disappearing inks have been used in different fields, but it may be abused in forgery and counterfeiting. This research was conducted on the preparation of disappearing inks using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, and their mixture. The prepared inks were applied to different types of handwriting papers. It was found that the handwriting stability increased by increasing thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein, or alkali concentration, but in the case of using 4 mL of 1 normal (N) NaOH, the handwriting stability of phenolphthalein and its mixture inks decreased. Deciphering of the faded handwriting was evaluated by different methods; using optical deciphering, the faded handwriting did not respond to the different light sources. All the faded handwriting was visible when treated with alkaline solution. There was no change in the faded handwriting when heated to 100°C; phenolphthalein and mixture inks containing 0.5 mL of 1 N NaOH became red when only Azhar and Xerox papers were heated to 150°C.     

生理因素和环境因素对双生子笔迹影响的研究

目的 研究双生子由于受共同生理因素影响,教育和环境影响对笔迹特征影响的差异.方法 收集了80对双生子的笔迹,采用统计分析的方法进行研究.结果 书写水平、字的大小、字形、字行间距、书写速度特征受生理因素的影响较大,环境因素对竖长、撇长、转折角度、页边、错别字、笔画变异、笔画形态、搭配比例、写法、笔顺特征的影响更大.结论 生理因素和环境因素对笔迹的影响并不是彼此完全独立的,二者往往通过复杂的方式交互作用影响笔迹,一级亲属笔迹鉴定中应注意的选择特殊性强的笔迹特征全面比较.     

基于银胶表面增强拉曼光谱检验蓝色书写字迹初探

目的用基于银胶的表面增强拉曼光谱技术检验蓝色签字笔字迹。方法取4种常见不同牌号的蓝色签字笔在其字迹上滴加微量银胶,用显微共焦拉曼光谱仪进行检验。结果不同品牌的蓝色签字笔字迹的表面增强拉曼光谱不同。结论基于银胶的表面增强拉曼光谱技术可用于纸张上蓝色签字笔字迹的检验。     

签名笔迹的形态学检验探析

签名笔迹的检验字迹数量少,检验难度大,在传统比对特征的种类上深入挖掘、拓展更多的检验手段很有必要。借鉴动用生物学上形态学的观察方法,有助于文检技术的提高和发展。     

从哲学、书法鉴赏角度把握笔迹鉴定中的“神韵”

笔迹鉴定实践中往往过分关注笔迹的微观细节特征而忽略从整体角度把握笔迹。“神韵”是笔迹整体所具有的特征，它要求我们鉴定笔迹时不但从微观入手而且更要从宏观上把握。     

The Influence of Lying Body Position on Handwriting

Although the problem of handwriting variability due to lying body position has practical significance, particularly for last will cases, it has not been sufficiently studied. The presented experiment aimed to recognize how such posture may influence handwriting features. Samples of text and signatures were collected from 50 healthy individuals, aged 23–58, produced in three postures: typical sitting position (SP) and two different lying positions (LP1 & LP2). Using the SP sample of each individual as a specimen, eleven characteristics in LP1 and LP2 samples were evaluated as similar or different. Nine other features were measured with a specialized software, and their conformity was tested with Student's t‐test. Although none of the characteristics differed significantly in most cases, variation occurred in pen pressure, margins, baselines, and heights of letters. Additionally, a series of blind tests revealed that lying position of the individuals did not hinder the possibility to identify their writings.     

浅谈左手书写者左右手笔迹的特点及变化规律

目的为左手书写者左手笔迹及右手笔迹的检验鉴定提供参考依据。方法收集左手书写者的左手正常笔迹和其右手笔迹,进行比对检验和实验数据统计分析。探讨左手书写者左手笔迹和右手笔迹的特点及变化规律。将左手书写者的左、右手笔迹的特点和变化规律与右手书写者的右、左手笔迹的特点和变化规律进行比较。结果左手书写者的左手笔迹和右手笔迹在笔顺、写法、错别字等特征上保持稳定。结论左手书写者的笔迹检验应结合其左手笔迹和右手笔迹的特点和变化规律,并注意其与右手书写者的右手笔迹和左手笔迹的特点和变化规律的区别与联系。     

再看摹仿签名笔迹鉴定

由于签名笔迹字数少、可摹仿性强的特点,长期以来,摹仿签名笔迹鉴定始终是笔迹鉴定的难点。笔者从不同类型的摹仿方法出发,讨论不同方法下摹仿签名笔迹的特点,总结其特征规律。同时要重视笔迹鉴定过程中了解相关案情,为识别是否存在摹仿现象提供线索。在此基础之上,对比摹仿签名笔迹特征的变化规律,并从摹仿签名笔迹特征反映构成方面系统性地进行鉴定,鉴别是否存在摹仿签名的情况。通过撰写此文,以期对摹仿签名笔迹鉴定实务具有借鉴意义。     

汉字文字布局特征新探——从书写动作系统方面进行研究

文字布局特征是脱离了规范文字布局动作特点的反映,因而对文字布局特征的研究必须以书写动作系统及其特性为基础。文字布局动作系统具有相对的独立性和自身的特殊性、稳定性,并反映出相应的笔迹一般特征和细节特征。所以,通过研究书写动作系统来探索文字布局特征的科学基础及其特征价值,对完善笔迹鉴定科学基础理论和笔迹特征体系具有一定的价值。     

对刑事案件中少量字迹检验的思考

近年来,我们所做的笔迹鉴定中,经常是在刑事案件现场中搜集到少量笔迹材料,而这些笔迹材料记录的恰恰是案件中的重要凭证,是公安机关查明案件的重要证据和有力武器。困此,本文有必要在这方面作进一步的探讨和研究。