《公务员法》引咎辞职制度之忧思

《公务员法》引咎辞职制度引人三忧:一忧含义不明,难以执行;二忧制度运行,变形变质;三忧消极影响,不容忽视.鉴于引咎辞职赖以生成的条件短时期内在我国难以具备,与其去打造一件作用有限的监督武器,不如严格执法,加大对领导干部违法犯罪行为的打击力度,这才是打造责任政府,促进民主进程的正道和捷径.故建议在修改《公务员法》时,删除引咎辞职条款,使其回归道义责任之本位.     

THE POTENTIAL OF THE FAMILY LAW EDUCATION REFORM PROJECT FOR FAMILY LAWYERS1

Family lawyers are major beneficiaries of the reforms set out in the Family Law Education Reform Project (FLER) Report. This commentary from a veteran family law practitioner explores the needs of the family law bar for the training of law students in practical, interdisciplinary, client‐centered lawyering that goes beyond the traditional case method. I trace many of the current innovations evolving in family law practice and how FLER reforms will not only benefit law schools but also have a major impact in the courts and private practice sector.     

ON BEING A CHILD CUSTODY EVALUATOR: PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL CHALLENGES,RISKS, AND REWARDS

Conducting child custody evaluations is one of the most complex, challenging, and sometimes risky professional endeavors that a mental health professional can perform. This article examines the professional and personal challenges which may be encountered by the evaluator. In addition to discussing the role requirements and need to maintain awareness of bias and countertransference, challenges such as coping with state board or ethics complaints and possible risks to personal safety are also addressed. Suggestions for risk management and coping with the demands of these assessments are offered, as well as the benefits and rewards of engaging in this important work.     

MEDIATIVE EVALUATIONS: THE PROS AND PERILS OF BLENDING ROLES

Child custody evaluators with experience in mediation may be tempted to use mediation skills and strategies in their evaluation processes. This article explores the benefits and risks of blending mediation with evaluation, comparing the perspectives of professionals and clients.     

“千叶之结”及其症因——关于法律文化概念构建的再思考

在理论法学研究中,法律文化概念虽相当常用,但并无一大致公认的涵义,这也影响到了概念自身的合法性问题。本文从对千叶正士之法律文化概念构建模式的评析出发,去探求“一个精确明了并为大多数人所接受”的法律文化概念的难求(千叶之结)原因所在;并通过对哈特构建法律概念的认识论背景的分析,指出法律文化概念的构建应该是开放结构和复数意义上的,法史学、法人类学、法社会学等不同法学分支学科的法律文化概念构建模式均各有其理论价值和现实意蕴。     

中国现行法律解释制度研究

法律解释制度是国家法律制度整体中具有辐射性和跨越性的重要制度。全国人大常委会行使首要的法律解释权 ,解释法律应当遵循五道程序 ,法律解释同法律具有同等效力 ,最高司法机关可以就司法中具体应用法律的问题进行解释 ,这些内容构成了中国现行法律解释的制度框架。这一制度框架中 ,立法法规定的法律解释制度在法律意义上是成立的 ,1981年全国人大常委会关于加强法律解释工作的决议是否合法则存在疑问。现今绝大多数国家一般都以司法机关为主要的法律解释主体。中国实际采行的则是全国人大常委会和最高司法机关都解释法律的二元化体制 ,前者是法律上的首要法律解释主体 ,后者则是实践中最主要的法律解释主体。几十年间 ,全国人大常委会所作的法律解释为数非常有限 ,倒是法律上处于其次地位的最高司法机关的法律解释为数甚多。在人民代表大会制度下 ,由全国人大常委会行使首要的和主要的法律解释权 ,在逻辑上是成立的。然而逻辑上成立未必能完全解决问题。全国人大常委会会期不足因而不能随时根据需要解释法律 ,它并不具体应用法律因而难以适时就法律应用特别是法律适用做出法律解释。转变这种状况 ,单用所谓立法解释、司法解释、行政解释这种颇具中国特色的分类方法是不敷需要的。在法治发达的环境下     

法律对社会冲突的控制与和谐社会的构建

现实社会是冲突与和谐的统一体。和谐社会并不是不存在冲突,而是社会制度能够最大限度减少冲突。中国目前正处在构建社会主义和谐社会时期,需要从法律制度上对各种社会冲突进行有效控制。在立法上,建立一种服务于大多数人利益整合的制度,实现对利益的分配、保障和和谐;在司法上,做到阻止非法利益、平衡合法利益、容许法外利益,实现司法公正。     

Increasing Evidence-Based Programs in Criminal and Juvenile Justice: A Report from the Front Line

For the past 5 years in the United States, there has been an increased emphasis on evidence-based programs, and, in particular, the promotion of experimental designs as the highest standard of evidence. This interest has been fueled by the Federal government's demand for accountability that links budget allocation with program performance. The National Institute of Justice, the research, development and evaluation agency within the Office of Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice is undertaking a number of efforts to improve the quality of evaluation research and address the need for evidence-based programs. These efforts have focused on making improvements upfront in the grant selection process so that well-designed evaluations will be undertaken and in the management and monitoring of ongoing evaluation research grants so that implementation and design issues can be identified and addressed. Evaluability assessments is a key strategy that NIJ is relying on increasingly to identify programs that have a high likelihood of being successfully evaluated. Whether these efforts will lead to an overall increase in the rigor of NIJ-supported evaluations remains unanswered at this time. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of The National Academies or the National Institute of Justice.     

承租人优先购买权的法律救济方式——评《合同法》230条的矛盾性

《中华人民共和国合同法》第230条所规定的承租人优先购买权并未明确救济方式，从逻辑上分析，存在3种救济方式。这3种救济方式有存在的理论根据、优点及不足，并且其也代表了承租人优先购买权的3种性质。房屋承租人优先购买权无论如何定性。在理论上及实务上均存在矛盾。     

法律特权表征之剖析

表征即特征,是事物本质属性的反映,是区分事物的标准。掌握法律特权的表征体系,我们可以把法律特权与法外的所谓"特权"(即贬义色彩的特权)区分开来。特权有七个表征:特权之权利主体范围狭窄,特权就是豁免权,特权优越于普通权利,特权是有法律边界的自由,有些特权不允许转让、放弃,特权者亦需承担特定的法律义务,特权之创设应操于君主或民意机关。