暴力恐怖犯罪案件的侦查讯问对策

暴力恐怖犯罪案件的犯罪嫌疑人讯问难度远远大于其他普通刑事案件，因此，在侦查讯问中。应熟悉案情。掌握犯罪嫌疑人的心理和性格特征；攻心夺气，心战为上；迂回发问、设置圈套；运用模糊概念。促其产生错觉。使其供述障碍向有利于突破上供的方向发展。     

Y-STR基因座应用于刑事案件的独特作用

目的探讨Y-STR基因座在刑事案件中的应用价值。方法采用Y-STR荧光标记复合扩增技术,结合案例应用。结果Y-STR基因座对于涉及男女混合、多名男性混合样本、性别鉴定、父权鉴定等案例中具有特有应用价值。结论Y-STR基因座可应用于法庭科学中的个体识别与同一认定,但在应用中要注意各种特例的发生。     

刑事普通程序简易化是提高诉讼效率的关键

市场经济中的效益要求,在刑事诉讼活动中也有所反映。刑事普通程序案件简化审理,是提高诉讼效益的关键。这一改革措施的主要任务是要对其适用条件及启动程序提出明确的要求,而且对在庭前准备阶段、证据展示、具体的庭审及简化判决文书等方面也要做具体操作的设计。     

DNA技术在系列案件串并中的应用

系列案件、流窜案件时空跨度大,严重影响社会稳定。对其进行及时的串并侦查是一项有效的侦查措施。DNA技术和DNA数据库目前已越来越多地应用于凶杀、强奸、盗窃、抢劫等许多系列案件的串并和认定,为最大限度打击犯罪,合理配置有限的侦查资源提供了强有力的科技支撑。     

Automobile theft: Estimating the size of the criminal population

Animal abundance estimation procedures including a new method of Zelterman are applied in the criminological context of auto theft in the Australian Capital Territory. Using goodness-of-fit statistics and comparing the estimates with known clearance rates, it is estimated that during 1987 about 39% of offenders were charged with at least one count of auto theft. The results also indicate the extent of overrepresentation of juveniles in court statistics compared with their relative participation rate in auto theft.     

Three-dimensional surface topography acquisition and analysis for firearm identification

In the last decade, computer-based systems for the comparison of microscopic firearms evidence have been the subject of considerable research work because of their expected capability of supporting the firearms examiner through the automated analysis of large amounts of evidence. The Integrated Ballistics Identification System, which is based on a two-dimensional representation of the specimen surface, has been widely adopted in forensic laboratories worldwide. More recently, some attempts to develop systems based on three-dimensional (3D) representations of the specimen surface have been made, both in the literature and as industrial products, such as BulletTRAX-3D, but fundamental limitations in achieving fully automated identification remain. This work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of a 3D-based approach by proposing an approach and a prototype system for firearms evidence comparison that is based on the acquisition and analysis of the 3D surface topography of specimens, with particular reference to cartridge cases. The concept of 3D virtual comparison microscope is introduced, whose purpose is not to provide fully automated identification, but to show how the availability of 3D shape information can provide a whole new set of verification means, some of them being described and discussed in this work, specifically, visual enhancement tools and quantitative measurement of shape properties, for supporting, not replacing, the firearm examiner in reaching the final decision.     

An investigation into the differentiating characteristics between car key burglars and regular burglars

Car key burglary has recently become the focus of empirical investigation as offenders, no longer able to steal vehicles without first obtaining their keys, resort to "burgling" target properties. Research surrounding the modus operandi of these offenses is beginning to emerge; however, little attention has been paid to investigating the characteristics of car key burglary offenders. Challenging the assumption that car key burglary offenses are perpetrated by regular burglars, this study aims to differentiate between offenders. Logistic regression analysis of 110 car key and 110 regular burglary offenders revealed that car key burglars are more likely to have previous vehicle theft convictions and are also more likely to be detected on information supplied to the police than regular burglars. Regular burglars are more likely to have previous shoplifting convictions. It was concluded that car key burglars are a distinct sample of offenders and the implications of these findings are discussed.     

诱惑性侦查比较研究

诱惑性侦查违背了罪刑法定原则,违反了刑事诉讼的被动性和程序正义理念,并且通过诱惑性侦查所取得的证据是非法证据。因而,原则上应当禁止诱惑性侦查。但是,为了打击犯罪的需要,在例外情况下,可以允许有条件地使用诱惑性侦查手段。     

死刑案件被害人权利保护问题

在刑事司法领域,人权保障是一个内涵丰富且不断发展的制度体系。既要保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的合法权利,也要保障被害人的合法权利,同时注意二者平衡。1996年《刑事诉讼法》确认了被害人的诉讼主体地位,但由于缺少配套机制,导致实践中出现诸多问题。新《刑事诉讼法》在很大程度上完善了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的诉讼权利及其保护,但较少涉及被害人的权利保护问题。与普通刑事案件相比,死刑案件给被害人造成的伤害尤为严重,应当给予特别保护。     

经义决狱与汉代衡平法的形成和发展

汉代经义决狱是以《春秋》、《诗经》等儒家经典中有关法律适用的记述,以及有关历史事件、客观事物的记述中所体现的＂义理＂判决案件,进而弥补当代立法之不足,发展、完善汉代法律的一种司法实践活动。经学理论是对先秦社会实践经验的总结,是集体智慧的结晶,具有公平、正义的成分。经义决狱的产生与汉代经学研究密不可分。经学研究的产生、兴盛为经义决狱的产生、发展提供了理论基础和社会基础。儒家经典中所体现的＂义理＂具有公平、正义、理性的特点,符合时宜、事宜之意,依之所作的具有拘束力的判决,进而形成有拘束力的判例、判令可称之为汉代衡平法。