Young American China Watchers＇ Views on China

In this paper, the author has made a thorough study over the new generation of American China Watchers. Most of the pages are devoted to a detailed comparison between the old generation and the young generation of American China Watchers regarding to their background, education, and views over China. At the end of the paper, the author also gives some policy suggestions for both the Chinese and U.S. government based on the findings in this study.     

我国融通票据制度建构论略

融通票据制度具有着票据保证所不可替代的功能,我国应尽快确立融通票据制度,但是需要妥善处理其与既有制度之间的关系,以恶意抗辩为例,在融通票据制度构建中,可能需要修改或者重新解释既有的票据恶意抗辩制度。     

差示扫描量热法（DSC）检验塑料绳

目的:对不同厂家的塑料绳进行区分和鉴别。方法:使用功率补偿型差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对五种不同厂家的塑料绳进行分析。结果:可测得每种塑料绳的DSC曲线和熔点温度Tm,熔融峰温Tmp,熔化焓△Hm等热学参数。结论:利用差示扫描量热法可以对型号和颜色相同而厂家不同的塑料绳进行鉴别,该方法为办案过程中塑料绳的检验提供了一种有效技术手段。     

DMAC显现化学类纸张上汗潜手印的方法

目的找到一种显现化学类纸张上汗潜手印的有效方法。方法制作DMAC显现试剂并进行大量比对实验、外延实验。结论用该方法操作简便、效果较好。     

关于无纸化考试管理信息系统的探讨

当今考试越来越多地采用无纸化考试模式 ,与之配套出现的考试管理信息系统。先进的技术手段 ,合理的系统设计 ,使考试管理信息系统确实起到保证考试质量 ,加强考务管理规范化、自动化和科学化的作用。     

The Effect of Time and Temperature on the Persistence and Quality of Latent Fingerprints Recovered from 60-Watt Incandescent Light Bulbs

To understand how time and temperature could affect latent fingerprints, wooden pallets were used to construct five units that each housed ten 60-watt incandescent light bulbs. Fingerprints were deposited on the top, middle, and base of the globes. The bulbs were powered on (except the control bulb in each unit) for 18, 48, 72, 120, 168, 336, 504, and 672 h. Fingerprints recovered from the bulbs by tape lift after black powder processing were given a quality score. A thermal imaging camera determined temperatures on three areas of the bulbs. Fingerprints on the top of the globe (156.3°C) had the lowest quality score, and fingerprints on the middle of the globe (112.6°C) had the highest quality score. The mean quality scores of the three temperature classes were within one standard deviation of one another, meaning there is no way to estimate fingerprint age based on its quality after heat exposure.     

烧毁复印纸的提取、显现方法研究

目的建立科学的提取、显现烧毁复印纸的方法。方法制备烧毁复印纸,对比喷雾法、气熏法、涂刷法、水漂法、发胶喷雾法对烧毁复印纸的摊平软化效果;对比夹板固定法和胶带粘取法对烧毁复印纸的固定效果;对比光学检验法、化学显现法对烧毁复印纸文件的显现效果。结果喷雾法摊平软化效果整体上优于其他方法;夹板固定法可适用于大多数烧毁复印纸文件,胶带粘取法适用于打印类复印纸文件;光学检验可以显现出黑笔、蓝笔、红笔、2B铅笔字迹以及指印,化学显现可以更清晰地显现出黑笔、2B铅笔字迹。结论当烧毁复印纸烧毁程度不明确时,摊平软化可选用喷雾法;当烧毁复印纸内容需进一步检验时,固定优选用夹板固定法;显现烧毁复印纸应根据不同显现客体采取合适的方法。     

Visualization of Fingermarks Deposits on Untreated Thermal Paper Exploiting the Near Infrared Luminescence

Thermal paper is widely used as a print medium for different applications but it constitutes a tricky substrate for fingermark visualization. An earlier work (J Forensic Sci 2015; 60 :1034) reported how to visualize fingermarks on untreated thermal paper by illuminating the item with a UV-A light source. In the present paper, the potential of the near infrared (NIR) luminescence has been tested on thermal paper compared to the mentioned method. A controlled study was carried out utilizing eccrine enriched fingermarks. The promising outcomes obtained were further confirmed by performing a pseudo-operational trial. Data clearly showed that the use of the NIR filter gave better results. Finally, preliminary tests suggested a different mechanism of reaction induced by fingermarks with respect to the one behind the thermal printing. Thus, NIR luminescence represents a refinement to the suite of optical examination processes, including the potential to increase the number of marks recovered in a noncontact, nondestructive way.     

Comparison of three collection methods for the sodium rhodizonate detection of gunshot residues on hands

The aim of this study was to compare three gunshot residue (GSR) collection methods used in conjunction with chemographic detection applied by different regional Swiss police services. The specimens were collected from the hands of a shooter with either filter paper (Filter method) or adhesive foil. The adhesive foil was then either applied against photographic paper during visualisation (AF Photo method) or coated with a layer of polyvinyl alcohol (AF PVAL method). The experiments involved two conditions of the examined hands, i.e. dry and humidified. The residues were revealed using the sodium rhodizonate test (SRT). Preliminary tests assessing the possibility of conducting a confirmatory Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled to Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analysis after the chemographic test were performed on a number of specimens by cutting positive spots and mounting them on stubs. Obtained results were compared in terms of effectiveness - number of positive spots, time requirements, quality of subsequent SEM-EDX analysis, ease of use and cost.The Filter method generally yielded a high-quality detection with both dry and humidified hands, as well as a simple, quick and efficient confirmation by SEM/EDX. The AF Photo performed well on dry hands, but not on humidified hands. The AF PVAL method performance was lower compared to the other methods in both examined conditions of the hands. The SEM/EDX analysis showed that the Filter and AF PVAL method provided satisfactory results when a sufficient carbon coating thickness was applied to the cuttings. It was also observed that the thinner the PVAL layer, the better the quality of the spectra and obtained images in SEM/EDX. Furthermore, the surface of the photographic paper did not seem to be conductive, even after the application of a thick layer of carbon.In conclusion, the Filter method gave the best overall results, but its application required slightly more time and expertise than the two other methods.     

Projectile Wound to Head from Modified Electronic Cigarette Explosion

One of the dangers of a rapidly growing technology industry is the risk involved in being intimately close to lithium-ion batteries. When exposed to improper conditions, lithium-ion batteries in a variety of devices have been reported to ignite and, in some cases, explode. With the rise of electronic cigarette use and modifications, the lithium-ion batteries in these devices are subject to a higher risk of malfunction. This is a retrograde analysis of a 38-year-old man who experienced fatal penetrating head trauma while using a modified electronic cigarette device. The findings suggest that the trauma from the explosion was caused by the thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery in the modified e-cigarette.