农村纠纷解决--对一起水库案的实证考察

文章秉持实证的态度,将一起西部农村水库案作为切入点,力求以法学、社会学等多学科知识为导引,在分析国家正式解纷机制的基层化生存态势的基础上,认为应当从农村的实际情况出发,建构多元化、本土化的解纷机制,才能有效地解决农村纠纷,以实现农村解纷所要达到的价值目标和出路.     

Contact Disputes: Narrative Constructions of `Good' Parents

This paper explores contact disputes in England and Wales. We discuss the legal background as well as separating parents' experiences of contact disputes. Contact has been high on the agenda since the U.K. Government report, Making Contact Work, (2002) examined various means for facilitating contact between non-resident parents and their children. More recently, the issue has featured prominently in the headlines, largely as a result of the campaigning efforts of fathers' rights groups who complain of injustice and demand changes in the law. The idea that contact is necessary for children's well-being seems to have acquired the status of uncontestable truth. This paper examines the ways in which these ideas about children's interests have become embodied in adominant welfare discourse that is embedded in law and informs policy thinking. Family law has long abhorred parental conflict, particularly that which involves the children. It is frequently assumed that conflict can be reduced if parents could be persuaded to accept the premises of the welfare discourse. In this paper, we consider how parents themselves, in talking about their experiences of contact disputes, makes sense of family law. We found that parents regularly invoke the welfare discourse in their talk, but they interpret it in unexpected ways. Often these interpretations fuel conflict rather than reducing it.     

劳动争议诉讼三题

受我国传统诉讼文化的影响,我国劳动争议适用法律及法律程序设计等方面,都没有能够充分体现出程序正义和程序效益,法律对弱者所给予的救助和支持存在不同程度的弱化。建立社会主义市场经济体制和加入WTO,呼唤尽快完善我国的劳动法制,劳动争议诉讼制度必须从诉讼时效、诉讼证据和诉讼程序方面进行探讨和改革,以更好地维护劳动者的合法权益。     

Trusting in Trust(s): TheFamily Home and Human Rights

In July 2002, the U.K. Law Commission published its Discussion Paper No.287 on home-sharing. The conclusion drawn by the Law Commission was that it would not be possible to devise a statutory scheme for the resolution of family property disputes which is both workable and flexible enough to deal with the wide range of personal relationships that exist. It further took the view that, with appropriate changes to the way in which trusts principles are currently interpreted and applied by the courts, these trusts principles are sufficiently flexible and coherent to deal with the question of ascertaining and quantifying property rights over the family home. The aim of this paper is to examine the implications of these particular conclusions drawn by the Law Commission for both the law of trusts and the resolution of family property disputes between cohabitants. In particular, the paper will consider the extent to which trusts law remains a workable and desirable option and whether any mileage may be gained by drawing on the human rights culture that is emerging in U.K. legal and political discourse. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

论信访制度在解决社会纠纷中的困境与完善

在实际运行中尽管新《信访条例》赋予了信访具有解决社会纠纷这一功能，但由于信访制度在目的、对象、性质及方式定位与其解决社会纠纷的功能没有实现有效的衔接，导致信访在解决社会纠纷中责重权轻，无法发挥其应有的功能。只有将信访的目的、对象、机构、方式置于纠纷解决的框架下，才能使其在实践中真正具备纠纷解决的功效。     

CUSTODY DISPUTES INVOLVING ALLEGATIONS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: TOWARD A DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO PARENTING PLANS

Premised on the understanding that domestic violence is a broad concept that encompasses a wide range of behaviors from isolated events to a pattern of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse that controls the victim, this article addresses the need for a differentiated approach to developing parenting plans after separation when domestic violence is alleged. A method of assessing risk by screening for the potency, pattern, and primary perpetrator of the violence is proposed as a foundation for generating hypotheses about the type of and potential for future violence as well as parental functioning. This kind of differential screening for risk in cases where domestic violence is alleged provides preliminary guidance in identifying parenting arrangements that are appropriate for the specific child and family and, if confirmed by a more in‐depth assessment, may be the basis for a long‐term plan. A series of parenting plans are proposed, with criteria and guidelines for usage depending upon this differential screening, ranging from highly restricted access arrangements (no contact with perpetrators of family violence and supervised access or monitored exchange) to relatively unrestricted ones (parallel parenting) and even co‐parenting. Implications for practice are considered within the context of available resources.     

刑民交叉案件中的既判力问题探析

随着我国经济往来活动的增多和刑民交叉案件的频繁发生,如何解决前一生效裁判对随后的另一性质诉讼的效力问题,成为司法实践中亟待解决的难题。应当利用既判力理论解决生效裁判对随后诉讼的效力问题。在刑事裁判对随后民事诉讼的效力方面,应当适用既判力理论中关于争点阻却的抗辩,并考虑到刑事与民事证明标准的不同,区别对待有罪裁判、无罪裁判以及证据不足、指控的罪名不能成立的无罪判决对随后民事诉讼的效力问题。关于民事裁判对随后刑事诉讼的效力问题,也应当利用既判力的理论,区别公诉和自诉的不同情况作出具体分析。     

知识产权有效性争议的可仲裁性研究

目前,对于知识产权有效性争议能否提交仲裁,是一个存在争议的问题。随着争议事项可仲裁性范围的进一步扩大,可仲裁事项与公共政策的脱离,知识产权有效性争议的可仲裁性正被一些国家所接受。应当在解决行政机关公权力与非公力救济方式仲裁裁决之间的矛盾基础上,允许仲裁庭在一定条件下对知识产权效力作出裁决。仲裁裁决只在当事人之间有效,而且仲裁庭不宜直接作出知识产权无效的裁决,当出现知识产权明显无效情形时,可以采用权利不得滥用原则裁决权利人不得行使权利。     

论市场经济国家对劳资冲突的法律规制

西方市场经济国家劳资关系经历了一个较长发展时期,逐步形成一套比较完整的规制劳资冲突的法律制度。主要表现为通过劳动基准、团结权、集体谈判和产业行动立法,规制双方行为,将冲突纳入法制化轨道中。同时,建立完善的劳资争议处理法律制度,作为解决劳资冲突的底线。     

一起医疗事故争议引发行政复议的分析与思考

医疗事故技术鉴定结论是处理医疗事故纠纷的重要依据,根据国务院《医疗事故处理条例》规定,对鉴定结论有异议,可要求重新鉴定和申请再次鉴定,但这两种情况存在较大的法律意义差别,同时在实践中也存在一些问题。本文从一起医疗事故鉴定引发的行政复议案出发,剖析了我国现行医疗事故鉴定制度存在的一些亟待解决的问题,并就鉴定评审制度及法律责任提出了相应的法律适用建议。