刑事速裁程序的羁押问题分析

两年的试点期内,刑事速裁程序在缓解"案多人少"的矛盾中发挥了巨大的作用。但经过实践的检验,速裁程序在宏观的制度建构上较为粗放,在微观的实践运行中存在诸多阻碍。其中羁押问题较为突出,成为这一制度发展的瓶颈。从速裁程序的运行状况来看,羁押问题主要从实体和程序两个角度对速裁程序产生了影响。羁押问题难以解决的深层次原因分别是司法理念问题、程序建构粗放以及程序简化不足。鉴于此,速裁程序需要转变司法理念、控制羁押适用、构建审前联动机制、完善非羁押性替代措施以及改革考核体系,从而构建速裁程序的羁押新格局。     

Mental disorders and cognitive impairment in ageing offenders

The aim of our study was to identify psychiatric and cognitive disorders among older prison inmates and to investigate whether there is an association between mental disorders and cognitive impairment. 138 men aged 50 and over were recruited in seven French prisons (Group 1) and 138 men aged 50 and over were recruited from the general public (Group 2). Participants were assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Mini Mental State Examination, and the Frontal Assessment Battery. The results reveal very significant differences in the incidence of mental disorders and in cognitive performance between the two groups. However, there does not appear to be a significant link between mental disorders and cognitive performance. We discuss the risk factors for mental disorders and cognitive impairment. We raise particularly the issue of depression, which is the most common pathology in this population and which is generally associated with the risk of suicide.     

看守所实施新刑事诉讼法实证研究报告

对五个省看守所的调研发现,总体上看守所实施刑事诉讼法的相关文本规定取得了良好的效果,修改后刑事诉讼法赋予看守所相应的职责,比如保障律师会见权、讯问在看守所内进行、对三个月以下的短刑犯执行刑罚等直接与看守所相关的条款,都得到了严格的遵循与适用.另一方面从更为宏观的角度上来看,看守所实施新刑事诉讼法的现有成效只是良好的开端,许多间接相关的条款,比如保障民事权利、法律援助等,甚至是看起来与看守所执法无关的条款,比如录音录像、非法取证的固定取证等,都有必要继续研究,拓展看守所的相关功能,创造条件予以适用,真正、完整地贯彻刑事诉讼法的立法精神与文本规定.     

醉酒驾驶犯罪的量刑问题研究简

《刑法修正案（八）》将醉酒驾驶机动车的行为入罪,增设危险驾驶罪,一般判处一个月以上六个月以下的拘役,并处罚金,但是,在实际的司法实践中,对行为人判处的刑罚在全国范围内没有一个量刑的统一标准,在刑罚的适用上排除了缓刑的适用,对罚金刑的适用也没有任何的限制,存在法官恣意行为之虞,也有悖于罪刑相适用原则和宽严相济的刑事政策.对于醉酒驾驶型危险驾驶罪的行为人适用拘役刑应当有一个统一的量刑标准,对其适用罚金刑时应当根据不同的影响量刑的因素对罚金的数额加以限制,并且存在对行为人适用缓刑的可能性,而不能主观地认为缓刑轻于行政处罚.     

Gagging orders: asylum seekers and paradoxes of freedom and protest in liberal society

The detention of non-status migrants is now commonplace in developed countries. Detention has been justified on such grounds as security, the welfare of non-status migrant populations, and as a way to speed up processing asylum claims. Drawing from the artist Krzysztof Wodiczko's sustained interest in themes of migration and belonging, this article examines the relationships between technologies of government in detention and accommodation facilities, and the possibilities and constraints of protest that these settings and practices give rise to. The analysis highlights paradoxes of freedom as well as opportunities for protest that imbue these spaces. Using Foucault's discussion of technologies of government, we draw on empirical research to highlight how orientation booklets, classes, and legal self-representation manuals are technologies that compel asylum seekers to become ideal detainees in hopes of being understood as ‘liberal subjects’ worthy of inclusion in a small number of evermore tightly policed Western European states. We conclude with the suggestion that asylum seekers' paradoxical encounters with technologies of liberal government deliver a challenge to the accepted framework of citizenship within liberal societies.     

State writing,subversion and citizenship in Southern Rhodesia’s state of emergency, 1959–1960

This article takes a moment of political upheaval – Southern Rhodesia’s 1959 State of Emergency – to explore the uses of writing in the remaking of state authority and citizenship. The 1950s had produced a powerful bureaucratic state, a shaky attempt at multi-racial “partnership,” and African aspirations to a citizenship able to encompass equality, rights and self-determination. The Emergency brought the tensions in these modes of government and citizenship to the fore. The article explores the working out of these tensions in two instances: the bureaucratic attempt to manage political detainees, and the police evidence used to substantiate charges of subversion on the part of nationalists in court. The article traces the limits of the state’s “lawfare” and the means by which detainees and nationalists developed new understandings of citizenship as aspirational imaginary, legal condition and practical tool, through the written word.     

群体性事件警务处置中“慎用强制措施”原则研究

慎用强制措施原则的提出背景是我国当前群体性事件频发。在群体性事件警务处置中,应当坚持慎用强制措施特别是慎用逮捕等限制人身自由的羁押措施。结合大多数西方国家的先进做法,在群体性事件处置中,应多采用取保候审、监视居住措施,逐步实现从＂羁押为主＂向＂保释为主羁押为辅＂的转变。同时,在群体性事件警务处置中,应当注意发挥调解、和解的功效,为群众提供一个正常表达利益诉求的渠道和社会冲突解决机制。     

关于拘留转为逮捕证明要求的调查报告及分析

本调查报告经对９个刑警支队和９０个刑警大队千余名刑警的问卷调查和１０多次刑警、检察官座谈会后得出结论,现行拘留转为逮捕的证明要求偏高,部分案件在法定期限内无法或难于完成,建议将证明要求降低为有证据证明有犯罪重大嫌疑,同时将拘留审查时间缩短为几十个小时。本文还建议设立逮捕审查制,被逮捕人就逮捕必要性,可请求检察院复议。复核;提起公诉后,向合议庭提出申请,对合议庭决定不服的,可提起上诉。     

Unfree labour in immigration detention: exploitation and coercion of a captive immigrant workforce

This paper focuses on labour within immigration detention in the United Kingdom, offering an original national case study as well as a new conceptual framework for analysing such practices. It does so through an innovative engagement with recent literatures on forced labour, unfreedom and hyper-precarity, particularly amongst irregular migrants. We advance two key arguments in this paper. First, that the available data on labour within immigration detention indicate that detainees should legally be considered employees and granted access to labour protections, including the national minimum wage. Second, that work in immigration detention is an example of state-sanctioned exploitative, coercive and unfree labour amongst a hyper-precarious group of the population. This case has implications for other country contexts where immigration detention is used.     

Migration management for the benefit of whom? Interrogating the work of the International Organization for Migration

This paper examines the relationship between the nation-state and migration through the activities of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The IOM operates at the intersection of nation-states, international human rights regimes, and neo-liberal governance. We find that the IOM enforces the exclusions of asylum seekers and maintains the central role of nation-states in ordering global flows of migration. In addition, we argue that the IOM acts on behalf of nation-states by using the language of international human rights, as though working in the interests of migrants and refugees. In providing a geographic appraisal of the IOM alongside its image and presentation with an analysis of its activities on voluntary returns, we address the new spaces of ‘networked’ governance that control and order migratory flows in the interests of nation-states.