探析美沙酮维持疗法与社区戒毒

《禁毒法》中规定的自愿戒毒、社区戒毒（康复）、强制隔离戒毒和药物维持治疗构成一个新的戒毒体系。这几种戒毒模式互为补充,无论是内涵、工作内容、范围、接受对象还是执行的主体,都有一定差异。探析美沙酮维持疗法与社区戒毒模式的本质有助于更好地开展戒毒工作。     

氯胺酮滥用对中枢神经系统的毒性作用

近年来氯胺酮滥用问题日益突出,本文从氯胺酮的药理学特点、滥用后对相关中枢神经系统的毒性作用以及涉及到的神经递质来阐述可能的作用机制,为遏制氯胺酮的滥用提供相关的资料。     

Rapid and non-destructive differentiation of Shahtoosh from Pashmina/Cashmere wool using ATR FT-IR spectroscopy

Shahtoosh, the most expensive and sought-after wool in the illegal wildlife trade is obtained from the underfur of a critically endangered species-the Tibetan Antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii). It is often adulterated or mixed with the wool of Pashmina goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) for making shawls, scarves and other woolen articles to maximize the profit. The comparable fineness, color and texture, makes it a challenging task in wildlife forensics to differentiate them. In this study, an attempt has been made to differentiate 50 reference unprocessed underfur hairs from five individuals of each species using ATR FT-IR spectroscopy in combination with chemometric tools such as PCA, and PLS-DA. Results of PCA model demonstrated slight overlap and thus failed to distinguish hairs of these two species. Subsequently, PLS-DA model was employed, and also validation tests (external and blind testing) were carried out to ensure the predictive ability of the model, which resulted in 100% accuracy. The results of PLS-DA model exhibited complete differentiation between Shahtoosh, Pashmina and Angora (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) wool used for external validation study with highly significant predictive ability (R-square value 0.99). This proof-of-concept study illustrates the potential of ATR FT-IR spectroscopy to complement current forensic microscopic and DNA based technique to analyze hair evidence in wildlife investigations owing to its rapid and non-destructive nature with high degree of confidence, and its ease-of-use with minimal to no sample preparation.     

专利药品价格影响要素的实证分析——基于美国1999年至2010年的数据分析

随着医疗改革的不断深入，专利药品价格已成为国内外学界和产业界关注的焦点。本文利用1999年至2010年美国面板数据对专利药品价格影响要素进行了实证分析，结果显示，专利保护期限、仿制药价格、人均国内生产总值对专利药品价格变动具有显著影响。在此基础之上提出相关的政策建议。     

贩卖毒品的控制下交付若干问题探析

控制下交付是打击贩卖毒品犯罪的一种有效的秘密侦查手段，目前这一手段得到了众多国家的肯定。在毒品的全球化程度日益加剧下，我国也深受毒品危害，虽未在法律上规定控制下交付这一手段，但在实际中却得以运用。目前，由于对这一侦查手段理论探讨的不足和法律规定的缺失，贩卖毒品的控制下交付手段的运用遇到了从理论到实践的很多困境，因此我们应对这些问题进行关注，以切实为公安执法实践服务。     

The return migration experiences of Ethiopian women trafficked to Bahrain: ‘ … for richer or poorer,let me be on the hands of my people … ’

ABSTRACT

This study draws upon the return experiences of Ethiopian women trafficked to the Middle East. Understanding these experiences is critical to informing the design of effective government policy to mitigate obstacles to return and reintegration. This study was conducted in Addis Ababa with five women who were trafficked to Bahrain and later returned to Ethiopia. Action research was used to establish an inquiry group of women in order to produce a viable vision for successful reintegration. Despite initial high hopes, the returnees did not see migration as producing positive returns. All five participants agreed that their experiences in the destination were devastating and thus they were relieved to have returned to their home country. Nonetheless, reintegration was a difficult process for them. In addition to not accumulating enough savings to enable them to reintegrate economically, they all faced misunderstandings and impractical expectations from their families and community. The women suggested that adequate protection from law enforcement, facilitation of income-generating activities, and improved access to rehabilitation and medical services are important elements of successful return and reintegration. Effective return and reintegration policy is needed to ensure that trafficked returnees can become productive citizens in their home country.     

快递贩毒的特点、成因及打击对策研究

伴随着市场经济的快速发展,我国的快递产业突飞猛进。快递服务给生产、生活带来便利的同时,也成为了毒品犯罪分子贩运毒品的新渠道。快递产业目前存在着行业监管不力、禁毒宣传工作基础薄弱、追责机制缺位等实际情况,应建立与完善快递查毒奖惩机制,推进物流寄递实名制登记,强化市场准入与行业监管,提高主动发现和打击能力。     

重庆市毒品犯罪态势分析及对策研究

近年来,重庆市毒品犯罪案件总数有下降趋势,但大要案件突出,犯罪特点及犯罪人员出现一些新的变化。重庆特殊的地缘因素、庞大的毒品消费市场以及打击毒品犯罪的难度较大使禁毒的形势更加严峻。要通过构筑毒品流入流出防线,斩断毒品流通网络,迫使毒品消费市场萎缩,有效遏制重庆市毒品犯罪态势的恶化。     

试论非法制贩枪支案件的特点及侦查对策

非法制贩枪支案件是指违反国家枪支管理规定（主要指违反《枪支管理法》），私自制造、贩卖枪支的行为构成犯罪的案件。非法制贩枪支是“黑枪”的主要来源。也是非法枪支流向社会的重要渠道。当前，非法制贩枪支案件具有团伙化、网络化、分散化趋势明显、隐蔽性强的特点。公安机关应当树立“情报先行、情报导侦”的理念、通过获取情报、加强阵地控制，实施控制下交付等手段来侦破案件，打击制贩枪团伙，端掉制贩枪窝点、收缴非法枪支，以有效维护安定的社会秩序。