Why community compulsion became the solution - Reforming mental health law in Sweden

The aim of this article is to understand how compulsory community care (CCC) has become a solution in mental health policy in so many different legal and social contexts during the last 20 years. The recent introduction of CCC in Sweden is used as a case in point, which is then contrasted against the processes in Norway, England/Wales and New York State.In Sweden, the issue of CCC was initiated following high-profile acts of violence. Contrary to several other states, there was agreement about the (lack of) evidence about its effectiveness. Rather than focusing on dangerousness, the government proposal about CCC was framed within an ideology of integrating the disabled. The new legislation allowed for a broad range of measures to control patients at the same time as it was presented as a means to protect positive rights for patients. Compared to previous legislation in Sweden, the scope of social control has remained largely the same, although the rationale has changed — from medical treatment via community treatment and rehabilitation, to reducing the risk of violence, and then shifting back to rehabilitation in the community.The Swedish approach to CCC is similar to Norway, while New York and England/Wales have followed different routes. Differences in ideology, social control and rights orientations can be understood with reference to the general welfare and care regimes that characterize the four states.     

我国医疗机构分类管理制度探讨

我国的医疗机构分类管理制度已实施10年,在医改背景下对其进行系统分析具有重要意义。本文通过分析医疗机构分类管理制度的构成、内容和实施现状,指出该制度在法律基础、分类方法、配套制度等方面存在的问题,并从法律规范的建设、政府职能的转变、行政管理方式的改变等方面提出了政策建议。     

性别特质、身体实践与健康风险行为

健康风险行为是建构性别身份认同的重要方面,其中包含着不同性别特质的身体实践。在女性特质的实践中,女性的身体是被视为有缺陷并需要经过现代医疗技术的改造而与健康风险发生关联的;在男性特质的实践中,男性的身体是被视为优越于女性并需要不断以伤害自己的方式来展演其自身的优越性而与健康风险发生关联的。文章认为,在以男性为中心的社会中,不仅女性的身体面临极大的风险,男性的身体同样也是这种性别秩序的牺牲品。     

促进我国电子病历发展的相关政策分析

为促进电子病历的健康发展,我们必须首先明确电子病历的属性和定位,正确处理电子病历相关问题的关系,并找到切实可行的推进模式,分阶段加以推进。与此同时,应该高度重视采用云计算等新一代信息技术在电子病历、居民健康档案、区域卫生信息平台建设中的巨大作用,解决电子病历医疗服务对象的身份标识问题,并从电子签名、隐私保护、权利认定与事故责任分担等方面完善相应的管理制度,为促进电子病历有序发展创造良好的软环境。     

书法对青少年心理健康发展的影响

现代化不仅挑战着以书法为代表的中国传统文化,也在一定程度上了造成了青少年的心理问题。书法具有德、智、美的全面教育功能,通过书法教育,可以有效地提升青少年心理健康,锻炼集中注意的能力,培养良好的情绪情感和气质,塑造健康完善的人格。     

元认知对大学生心理健康的意义

元认知的实质是对认知活动的自我意识和自我调节。心理健康有经典的十大元认知标准,可以概括为自我意识正确、人际关系协调、社会适应良好、情绪积极稳定、人格结构完整等几大维度。追溯“元认知”理论,深入分析元认知的本质,建立元认知与心理健康维度的关系,可以进一步探讨元认知对大学生心理健康的作用及它们之间的关联,从而丰富元认知与心理健康的研究。     

The Mental Health of 13–17 Year-Olds in Australia: Findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

The prevalence of 3 mental disorders (Depressive Disorder, Conduct Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), the prevalence of mental health problems, and rates of health-risk behaviours among those with problems, along with patterns of service utilisation, are reported for 1490 adolescents aged 13–17 years in Australia. Mental disorders were assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV completed by parents. Parents and adolescents also completed standard questionnaires designed to assess mental health problems, health-risk behaviours and service use. On the basis of parent reports, 13% of adolescents were identified as having mental health problems, while 19% were identified as having problems on the basis of adolescent reports. Many of the adolescents with mental health problems also had problems in other areas of their lives. Only 31% of those identified by parents as having mental health problems and 20% of adolescents who identified themselves as having problems, had attended a professional service during the 6 months prior to the survey. School counselling was the service most frequently attended. Clinical and population health interventions must take into account the presence of co-morbid problems and low rates of health service usage reported amongst adolescents with mental health problems.

吉林省新型农村合作医疗现状与应对策略

农民的健康问题关系到保护农村生产力、振兴农村经济、维护农村社会和谐发展和稳定的大局,对提高全民族素质具有重大意义。吉林省新型农村合作医疗（简称新农合）基本解决了农村居民因病致贫、因病返贫问题,广大农民主动就诊意识明显提高,＂小病拖,大病扛＂的现象得到了缓解,但还存在一些问题需要尽快采取措施加以解决。一是要加大宣传力度,让广大农民充分了解新农合的好处;二是要加强对新农合基金的管理;三是要科学调整补偿方案,提高补偿比例;四是要加快信息化建设,提高管理效率和水平;五是要大力加强农村卫生服务体系建设;六是要健全农村医疗保险制度。