中国土地承包经营权设立登记评析

土地承包经营权是中国特有的不动产用益物权,其设立的公示方式实际上采用了动产的公示方式。土地承包经营权的设立登记无法归入任何一种现有物权登记模式,本质上属于一种行政管理登记。由于涉及土地承包经营权互换、转让的变更登记属于典型的物权登记,中国《物权法》中的登记概念并不具有同一性。     

创新和完善农村土地制度，解决“三农”问题

以家庭联产承包责任制为核心的农村土地制度，在历史上产生了巨大的前期制度绩效，随着农村社会经济经济的发展，我们要探索创新和完善这一制度的途径。     

农村土地承包经营权流转中赔偿责任机制研究

政府和集体组织经常对市场主体的交易行为作出具有一定事实上强制性的引导,在农地流转领域,类似的违法性引导时有发生,但目前的民事和行政诉讼难以将政府和集体组织纳入到被引导方发起的索赔诉讼中,本文建议立法通过建立经济法责任的方式,在一次诉讼中集中化解各方主体的利益纠纷,不仅保护农民等市场主体的利益,强化了政府等单位的市场引导行为的合法性意识,而且也降低诉讼成本,防止群体性事件的发生。     

Contested paradigms of ‘viability’ in redistributive land reform: perspectives from southern Africa

This article reviews some of the salient aspects of the controversy over capitalism and the fate of Russian peasantry, among the Russian Marxists and the narodniks immediately prior to and after the Bolshevik revolution. At issue was the characterization of peasant economies. The narodniks believed that neither marginalism nor Marxism fully captured the nuances of peasant agriculture and the economic system/systems that evolved out of it; neither the market model nor class analysis adequately described the allocative and distributive processes in such economies. While nineteenth-century narodniks stressed the role of institutions based in the village community, Chayanov's twentieth-century populism stressed the organizational dynamic of peasant households within an institutional framework. Accordingly, the economics of the Chayanovian interpretation are examined from an institutional and organizational perspective. Such an exercise, it is argued, lends more credibility not only to the narodnik agenda, but also to the peasantist model of development.     

Developing the meat grab

‘Meat grabbing’ describes actually existing land deals undertaken for industrial meat production, either directly in the form of animal housing and stocking (confined animal feeding operations, or CAFOs), or indirectly in the form of monocrop grain and oilseed production for livestock feed. Meat grabbing is also a concept for analyzing the relationships between industrial meat regimes, food security politics and the global land rush, relationships which have not yet been sufficiently considered in research or in policy. Using China's reform-era meat revolution as an analytical case, this paper proposes meat grabbing as a concept with three broad goals: (1) to show how industrial meat complicates notions of food security and of food security land grabs, (2) to incorporate social inequalities and environmental injustices into the conceptualization and measurement of land deals and (3) to expand dispossession's domain to include relationships between people and agroecosystems. This is an initial exploration of the content and framing of meat grabs, intended to synthesize its core features and raise questions for further study.     

Coups and nascent democracies: the military and Egypt's failed consolidation

Why do coups happen in some nascent democracies but not in others? To answer this question, I probe four interconnected variables in democratizing regimes: the military's ethos; the military's corporate interests; the military's perception of the new civilian ruling elite; and the correlation of force between the military and the founding democratic government. My argument is twofold: first, I maintain that ideational variables are central to shaping the military's political behaviour; and second, I argue in favour of merging insights from cultural, corporate, and structural theories to understand the consolidation, or breakdown, of nascent democracies.     

从公权力参与谈我国农村土地流转中职务犯罪预防——以皖东D县的调研数据为依据

农村土地流转是农村土地承包经营权由作为承包方的村民向其他主体流转的过程。它作为市场经济的重要产物,在实施的过程中不可避免地伴随着一定的经济风险和法律风险。其中,法律风险的内容之一就是农村土地流转中职务犯罪的发生。经调研发现,公权力对农村土地流转的参与可谓"无孔不入",其背后潜藏的是职务犯罪大量发生的可能性。因此,有必要还原农村土地流转的市场性,依法规范公权力对农村土地流转的参与,并加强对公权力参与农村土地流转的监督,进而从根本预防农村土地流转中职务犯罪的发生。     

耕地质量保护和建设共同责任机制的建立途径研究

为了切实保障中国的耕地资源产能安全,该文在分析中国耕地质量等别现状、特点、面临问题和机遇的基础上,提出了建立耕地质量破坏鉴定机构、补充耕地等别的国家督查制度、耕地等别和产能年度报告制度、耕园林草大土地整治模式和占用耕地综合效益年度报备制度等五条落实耕地质量保护和建设共同责任机制的途径。     

我国城市土地国有制的演进与由来

城市土地国有制是我国现行宪法明确规定的基本土地制度，是我国整个土地制度的关键和症结所在。在建国之后直至现行宪法颁布之前，尽管经历了多次土地国有化的运动，但至少在宪法和法律上都未否认非国有土地的存在。现行完法中城市土地国有制的规定在制定时就存在着值得商榷之处，并在之后又引发了一系列棘手的问题，尤其在当前的情势下，必须正视并力图解决上述问题。     

论农村土地制度的创新

城乡二元的土地制度阻碍了农民阶层的社会流动,是农民转型的体制障碍。改革农村土地使用制度和土地征用制度,推进农地经营权流转,尝试建立土地共同基金,是促进城郊农民市民化的现实选择。