侦查阶段的刑事和解一些问题的分析

公安机关侦查阶段的刑事和解,存在着可能影响司法公正的因素。一方面,辩护律师参与刑事和解时间有限制,在侦查阶段接触到证据,这与刑诉法规定相冲突;另一方面,刑事和解的量刑奖赏对未成年被追诉人吸引力不足。此外,在侦查阶段达成刑事和解的,法律没有规定侦查人员是否可以撤销案件。答案应当是肯定的,但应限于提请批捕之前。建议区分参与诉讼的辩护律师与参与侦查阶段刑事和解的律师,以兼顾对被追诉人和侦查机关的公平对待。公安机关发挥群众力量事先进行民间调解、感化被害人,可以推进刑事和解实现。     

论多元化纠纷解决机制范围内的刑事和解制度

刑事和解理论在司法实践中的广泛应用,对于建立多元化的社会矛盾纠纷解决机制具有积极意义。我国有必要引入刑事和解制度,但应当予以本土化的设计,以利于该制度在我国的发展。     

我国刑事和解制度初探——以和谐社会为语境

刑事和解制度在英美法系国家已经比较成熟,但在我国还一直停留在尝试阶段。在构建社会主义和谐社会的大背景下,作为一种解决纠纷的机制,我国有必要引进,用于解决那些比较轻微的刑事案件,恢复被破坏的社会关系,缓和双方当事人之间的紧张关系等,达到社会的真正和谐,构建社会主义和谐社会。目前,刑事和解制度在我国已经有了生存的土壤,北京、湖南等地的司法机关也做了积极的实践,因此,在构建社会主义和谐社会的环境下建立刑事和解制度是可行之策。     

修复性司法理论与检察工作实践——以构建和谐社会为视角

修复性司法（Restorative jusfice）理论的提出及实践,虽然不过三十年,却以其崭新的法治理念和创新的司法模式,赢得了世界各国的广泛关注。与传统的报应性司法或者矫正性司法相对应,修复性司法更加注重保护被害人的合法权益,更加强调当事人与社区的参与,更加强调社区及人际关系的和谐。该理论对于修正传统型司法的弊端,顺应和谐型社会的要求,具有很强的现实意义。借鉴和吸纳修复性司法的合理内核,反思和矫正传统型司法在实践中的不足,全面推进检察工作的科学发展,是当前检察理论研究工作面临的一个重大课题。     

The More the Merrier? Hungarian and Romany Minorities in Slovakia

This article discusses some important aspects of thetreatment of minorities in the Republic of Slovakia.It discusses the 1992 Constitution and subsequentdevelopments such as the State language law 1995, therestriction of political rights of Hungarians,educational policies, the setback of EU entry talks,the September 1998 general elections, the Dzurindagovernment's ``De-Meciarization', the 1999 MinorityLanguage Law, and recent electoral legislation. Thespecial condition of the Romany is considered. Theeffectiveness of international mechanisms for theprotection of minority rights (the Organisation forSecurity and Cooperation in Europe, the InternationalCovenant for Civil and Political Rights, the EuropeanConvention of Human Rights, the Framework Conventionfor the Protection of National Minorities) isassessed, as is the involvement of the EU. Finally,the role of the judiciary is reflected upon.     

National unity and reconciliation in Rwanda: A flawed approach?

This article examines the Rwandan government's national unity and reconciliation policy and one of its key elements, the National Unity and Reconciliation Commission (NURC). It contends that while the NURC potentially represents an innovative model that other post-conflict societies could adapt and use, the central premise on which both the commission and the government's broader national unity and reconciliation policy are based is critically flawed. The unity that they are endeavouring to achieve, as a vehicle for reconciliation, relies upon a negation of ethnicity – a core component of the 1994 genocide – and hence does not allow for an open and honest engagement with the past. The problem is further compounded by the government's attitude towards the prosecution of crimes committed by the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which not only demonstrates that ethnicity remains highly significant but also underscores the incomplete and partial way in which the past is being addressed.     

INTEREST IN MARITAL RECONCILIATION AMONG DIVORCING PARENTS

This study offers the first research data on the interest of divorcing parents in marital reconciliation. A sample of 2,484 divorcing parents was surveyed after taking required parenting classes. They were asked about whether they believed their marriage could still be saved with hard work, and about their interest in reconciliation services. About 1 in 4 individual parents indicated some belief that their marriage could still be saved, and in about 1 in 9 matched couples both partners did. As for interest in reconciliation services, about 3 in 10 individuals indicated potential interest. In a sub‐sample of 329 matched couples, about 1 in 3 couples had one partner interested but not the other, and in 1 in 10 couples both partners were interested in reconciliation services. Findings were consistent across most demographic and marital factors. The only strong predictors of reconciliation interest were gender, with males being more interested than females, and initiator status, with far greater interest among those whose partner initiated the divorce. These findings are discussed in terms of attachment theory and future prospects of divorce services.     

恢复性司法“中国化”之制度抗衡问题研究

就被害人、犯罪人利益保护而言,无论是附带民事诉讼制度、还是刑事被害人补偿制度抑或是刑事和解制度、非刑罚处罚方法,它们都远不如恢复性司法那么周详;就提高诉讼效率而言,刑事简易程序功不可没,但已无拓展的空间,亟须恢复性司法的加盟。     

乡村社会研究的难题与话语群的观察对策

话语群理论是在传统的乡村研究理论遇到一系列难题之后应运而生的,是对我国乡村研究中的长期模式,即关于乡村社会"传统—现代"的二元分割结构认知模式的突破,也是基于西方语言学方法遇到自身困惑,即语境建构出现泛滥趋势的基础之上提出来的。     

反思与进路：行政诉讼协调和解程序之建构

行政诉讼协调和解作为一项探索性工作,在司法实践中很有生命力,但也存在一些问题：缺乏独立程序价值地位,片面追求＂案结事了＂的价值功能,某些规定有违正当程序原则。构建行政诉讼协调和解机制的理念基础是：明确行政诉讼协调和解内涵,赋予其独立诉讼程序地位,衡平纠纷解决与权力监督之间关系,借鉴域内外立法经验。具体规则设计应从以下几方面考虑：行政协调的原则、模式、范围、结案方式及救济途径;最终还需立法支持。