论商法人有限责任有效性之限制

以商法人有限责任之有效性讨论替代传统"法人人格否认"或"揭开公司面纱"的讨论,把有限责任的有效性变换成为"法人设立的实质条件与法人享有有限责任权利之间的关系"和"法人以有限责任为基础,以破产程序永久解除自身债务负担的条件"的问题,从而对传统"法人人格否认理论"或"揭开公司面纱理论"所讨论的问题,进行全新角度、更为系统、更逻辑化的解释。     

着力解决“三个不适应”大力增强公安机关战斗力

随着我国经济社会的快速发展和公安机关“三基”工程建设措施的有效落实，公安机关警力、装备、经费等保障条件得到改善，民警素质得到提高，战斗力明显提升。但是，从新时期公安工作面临的重大历史使命和错综复杂的国际国内形势来看，公安工作仍然存在一些不适应的问题，与公安队伍战斗力相联系的淡薄的主业意识与复杂严峻的犯罪形势不相适应、传统的警务运行机制与现实实战警务要求不相应、滞后的应急机制与处置突发事件的实际需要不相适应的问题，尤其应当重视。解决“三个不相适应”虽然要做大量的、细致的工作，但我们需要的是现在就开始。     

转型时期公众利益表达的类型与有效性分析

利益表达是民主政治的前提和基础.转型时期的中国存在复杂多样的公众利益表达形式和途径.本文提出影响利益表达有效性的两个主要分析变量"组织性"和"结构性",据此建立了利益表达的四种理论类型并详细考察了不同表达类型和形式的政治效用状况.总体而言,转型时期中国的公众利益表达存在制度化不够、结构性不足、被组织性明显和政治有效性较低等问题.只有不断深化体制改革,实现制度创新,才能从根本上保证公众利益表达途径的多样、真实、畅通和有效,从而为社会主义民主政治建设奠定坚实基础.     

论铁路公安技术工作发展的若干问题

目前铁路公安技术工作在体制、管理、装备、人才、信息、保障等方面还存在很多的不适应,需要各级领导提高认识、加大投入,大力推进铁路公安技术专业化、规范化、信息化、现代化建设。只有强化铁路公安技术工作,才能更好地实现铁路公安机关维护铁路和社会稳定的需要,才能进一步提高铁路公安机关的执法水平,提高铁路公安机关的战斗力,有力地促进铁路公安机关现代警务机制的建立。     

论侦查逻辑中侦查证据的效用差异性

在侦查逻辑理论中,评价和选择侦查证据的一个重要的标准就是侦查证据的效用的差异性,它也关系着对侦查假说的评价、修改和取舍。侦查逻辑中的证据效用差异性是侦查证据相对于侦查假说的效用的差异,这种差异产生的因素是多方面的,并且我们可以在现代归纳逻辑的框架内构造刻画这种差异性的方法,其中具有代表性的是科恩的归纳支持分级理论。     

警察公关障碍与对策

警察职业活动中,公关十分重要,但当前我国的警察公关遭遇到一定的障碍。这种障碍,主要来自社会、文化和心理等不同系统。通过改革和调适,消除或削弱这些障碍,将有助于改善警察的公关形象,提高公安机关的战斗力。     

论我国诉讼时效效力的私人自治转向——实体与程序双重视角的观察

我国《民法通则》及《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉若干问题的意见》对诉讼时效法律效力的规定实质上是一种"干预"模式,这种模式既不符合诉讼时效制度的本来目标,也不符合通过私人行为实现法律控制的国家策略,从干预模式到"自治"模式的转换势在必行。同时,那种试图通过法官释明来纠正自治模式可能带来的局限的方式并不是真正有效和适当的方式。     

THE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES

Based on a novel data set that links college administrative information with earnings records from a state college system for both public two‐year and four‐year colleges, this study quantifies the impacts of exposure to different types of instructors during students’ initial semester in college on their subsequent academic and labor market outcomes. To minimize bias from student sorting by type of instructor, we combine course‐set fixed effects with an instrumental variables approach that exploits term‐by‐term fluctuations in faculty composition in each department, therefore controlling for both between‐ and within‐course sorting. The findings suggest that two‐year students, particularly racial minority students, have substantially higher levels of exposure to adjuncts with temporary appointments than four‐year students. Two‐year students taking a heavy course schedule with temporary adjuncts are adversely affected in college persistence and subsequent credit accumulation, and the penalty is particularly pronounced among males and racial minority students with stronger academic potential. Such negative impacts on academic outcomes do not translate into poorer short‐ to medium‐term labor market performance. In the four‐year setting, no significant distinction is identified between different types of instructors on either student academic or labor market outcomes.     

Jurisdiction size and local government effectiveness: Assessing the effects of municipal amalgamations on performance

The optimal jurisdiction size has been debated since Plato and Aristotle. A large literature has studied economic and democratic scale effects, but we have almost no knowledge of the effects of jurisdiction size on the effectiveness of local services. This is due to two methodological problems. First, selection bias and reverse causality often render change in jurisdiction size an endogenous variable. Second, there is a lack of empirical indicators of effectiveness, and most studies therefore focus on spending measures. Extant research thus studies economies of scale, leaving effectiveness of scale unexamined. We address both problems in a quasi-experimental study of public schools. Our findings from the school area indicate that jurisdiction size does not have systematic effects on effectiveness. Our analysis therefore supports recent studies of economic and democratic scale effects that indicate that the search for the optimal jurisdiction size is futile.     

Does local ownership bring about effectiveness? The case of a transnational advocacy network

In international development, shared ownership is assumed to be a condition for effectiveness. Academic studies question this relation, claiming shared ownership can instead lead to ineffectiveness. This study analysed the interplay between ownership and effectiveness in a transnational advocacy network for conflict prevention observed 2012–2015. Building on recent discussions about balancing unity and diversity in networks, this article unpacks the ownership/effectiveness relationship into three dimensions: collective identity, accountability processes and a shared advocacy message. We find that the question is not about more or less effectiveness, but about the processes shaping the meaning of effectiveness in particular institutional constellations.