关于新时期进一步密切警民关系的若干思考

在建立现代警务机制进程中，需要评估新时期警民关系和构建警民关系的新格局。我们要在细致分析当前警民关系现状的基础上，探索进一步密切警民关系的对策与方法。新时期密切警民关系的关键在于进一步解放思想、转变观念、拓宽思路，改进作风、改进方法、狠抓落实，做到“导向明确”、“重点突出”、“措施落实”。     

The governance of the World Bank: Lessons from the corporate sector

The World Bank Group (WBG) is a multilateral organization as well as a large financial conglomerate. The debate on its governance, however, has mainly focused on how to ensure more inclusive decision-making by strengthening the voice and representation of its entire membership. The WBG’s governance as a set of arrangements that enable the principal (shareholders) to oversee the agent (management) has so far been overlooked, even though the adequacy of such arrangements is relevant in all institutions wherein shareholders delegate to management the achievement of organizational objectives. In reviewing the institutional, historical, and current underpinnings of the WBG’s decision-making, we elaborate on the extent to which the Group follows best-practice corporate governance standards that have been designed with the aim of improving shareholders’ oversight. Drawing from a methodology developed by the IFC, an entity of the WBG, we analyze the Group’s internal governance, highlighting which aspects are furthest from (or closest to) current financial-sector best practices. In so doing, we provide a framework for prioritizing the most critical areas in which the WBG’s governance falls short of private-sector standards, and we identify the nature of possible remedies.

立法后评估主体制度刍议——以地方行政立法后评估为范本

立法后评估是了解立法效果,提高立法水平的重要手段,评估主体制度是其中一项重要内容。通过对制度设计原则、主体分类的研究,以及国内外实践的比较,我国应当将立法机关确立为地方行政立法后评估的评估单位,并科学设定后评估的参与者,以确保立法后评估达成预期效果。     

我国政府绩效评估的主体资格分析

我国由政府主导的封闭式绩效评估活动已逐渐显现其官僚特征,不符合"建设服务型政府"目标的要求。在绩效评估活动中,评估主体影响着评估结果的可信度和有效性。评估主体研究是政府绩效评估的基础研究,它引导政府树立以公众为基础、社会共同参与的理念,平衡各阶层的利益,推进和谐社会的建立。本文从我国绩效评估主体的构成入手,在分析我国绩效评估主体存在问题的基础上,提出完备的绩效评估主体应具备的条件,进而对完善我国政府绩效评估主体提出相应的对策。     

Institutional Arrangements and State and Local Financial Forecasting

Abstract

The articles in this symposium present various consequences that effectively result in changes from adopted budgets during the implementation phase, which derive from institutional structure. The institutional structures referred to include such attributes as internal policy, procedural methodology, longevity in office, and reward and incentive systems related to performance outcomes

For local governments, structural influences studied include changes in leadership in the executive and legislative branches, longevity in office of budget administrators, and differences related to mayor-council vs. council-manager forms of government. Internal policies reported on cover methodology used to forecast revenues such as quantitative methods versus informed judgment, budgetary controls and spending policy related to mandated spending beyond local government control, and procedures for benchmarking within the agency as well as with peer groups and professional standards.

Consortia of governments are referenced regarding performance evaluation as is the process for gaining consensus between the executive and legislative branches, including expert outside opinion. Other influences on performance outcomes reported on are those tied to the risk-reward system built in to the institutional structure, which includes risk tolerance of the individuals who make pension fund investments.     

A Multidimensional Ecological Examination of a Youth Development Program for Military Dependent Youth

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to conduct a multi-method evaluation to investigate the effectiveness of a youth development program for military dependent youth entitled, Youth Action Program. The dimensions of an ecological program are used to examine the program post-de-facto. The comparison with elements of ecological programming provided reasons as to this program's perceived impact and its weaknesses. A multi-dimensional evaluation is employed that examines the processes and outcomes in their natural settings. Youth and parents overwhelmingly believed that this program had made a positive difference in their lives. Youth demonstrated an improvement, although not significant, in their self-concept; however, participating youths' levels of social isolation and withdrawal from social contact remained at a high level. The results and need for future research are presented related to evaluating youth development programs and the ecological model.     

21世纪公共部门领导者的选拔与培养：中国案例分析

此研究的目的是介绍中国公共部门选拔其未来领导者的案例.首先描述的中国现行领导模型,是评估、选拔和培养符合21世纪需要的领导者的基本框架.为探讨改善领导评估和培养等工作的途径,还着重研究了中国现行做法所隐含的一些假设.由于影响组织绩效以及领导效果的各种相关因素是相互依赖的,因此,为了强化领导人员的选拔、晋升和后备干部的培养规划、组织绩效和创新等方面之间的战略联系,必须进行系统的思考与实践.     

析毒品预防工作的现状调查和需求评估

我国推行的毒品三级预防措施是我国降低毒品非法需求及减少伤害的具体策略,在毒品三级预防措施的实施中应注意目标人群的现状调查和需求评估工作:一是现状调查和需求评估应涵盖毒品预防工作的各方面;二是重视最主要和最迫切的问题和需求;三是采用适当的方式方法;四是根据目标人群的不同层次的需求制定对策;五是开发目标人群的需求。     

Identification and analysis of smallholder producers’ constraints: applications to Tanzania and Uganda

This article puts forward a method for the analysis of constraints faced by developing countries’ smallholder producers. It is consistent with theories of constraints, efficient in terms of cost and researchers’ time, and accessible to a non-technical audience. A hybrid of workshop discussion and individual data collection, it also draws on data and analyses available in most developing countries. The article presents an application to smallholder livestock systems in Tanzania and Uganda, reporting results and analysis relating constraints to households’ characteristics and conditions, and their stated goals. While limitations are identified, it is proposed for application in other development fields.