PCR扩增3因素对低拷贝模板STR分型的影响研究

目的探讨低拷贝模板(low copy number,LCN)STR扩增方法,提高LCN检材的检验成功率。方法采用Profiler P lusTM试剂盒与9947A对照DNA,改变Taq酶量、体系、循环次数3个因素进行扩增检验,了解各变量对扩增检测的影响。结果对低拷贝模板DNA,单纯增加Taq酶量或反应体系,扩增效率改善不明显;增加循环数,显著提高检验灵敏度;低于0.01ng的模板DNA,同时增加扩增体系、Taq酶量、循环数在一定程度上提高扩增效率。结论对于影响扩增的Taq酶量、体系、循环次数3个因素中,循环数影响最大,但应慎用34次及以上循环数;三者同时增加,对于低于0.01ng模板DNA的扩增可有效改善。     

Parentally imprinted allele (PIA) typing in the differentially methylated region upstream of the human H19 gene

The H19 gene is a paternally imprinted gene located on chromosome 11p15.5. In this study, the H19FR1 and H19FR2 haplotype polymorphisms including four and three SNPs, respectively, upstream of the H19 gene according to the GenBank sequence (accession no. AF125183) were investigated. Five haplotypes and nine genotypes were detected for H19FR1 in the Chinese Han population by means of PCR and subsequent denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The power of discrimination (Dp), polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of paternity exclusion (PE) were estimated to be 0.803, 0.58 and 0.322, respectively. For the H19FR2, two haplotypes and three genotyes were observed, and the Dp, PIC and PE were 0.626, 0.37 and 0.162, respectively. Sequencing results showed that only two of the four reported SNPs, a7342g and g7547a, were detected in H19FR1 in the Chinese Han population, and two new SNPs, g7351c and a7357g, were found. In the H19FR2 region, only one of the three reported SNPs, a8097g, was detected. Based on the methylation status of the genomic DNA, selective detection of the parental alleles for H19FRs was examined by using two types of enzymes, the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (msRE) HpaII or HhaI and McrBC. Genomic DNA digested by either HpaII or HhaI, revealed a single band derived from the paternal allele, as a result of cleavage of unmethylated recognition sites on the maternal allele. On the contrary, the use of McrBC, which can digest a methylated paternal sequence, resulted in exclusively amplifying the maternal allele. This parentally imprinted allele (PIA) typing method could be one of the useful techniques for discriminating the parental origin of alleles.     

HUMARA基因座差异甲基化的法医学意义

目的　探讨X连锁差异甲基化多态性基因座的法医学应用意义。方法　以STR基因座HUMARA为例 ,应用甲基化敏感性限制酶消化后PCR技术 ,复合分析该基因座的STR多态性和甲基化状态 ,调查并比较男、女检材的分型效果。结果　基因组DNA经HpaⅡ消化后 ,男性没有扩增产物 ,女性分型不受影响 ,男女混合检材得到女性的分型图谱。女性单克隆瘤细胞只能检出 1个等位基因。结论　差异甲基化的HUMARA基因座是混合斑分析、性别鉴定和组织克隆性判断的有用工具。     

内毒素对仓鼠肾细胞抗氧化酶活性的影响及阳离子A对其的保护作用

将仓鼠肾细胞(BHK-21)随机分为3组:对照组(Ⅰ组)、内毒素组(Ⅱ组)、内毒素+阳离子A组(Ⅲ组),分别在第3、6、12、24小时收集细胞制备细胞匀浆,采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测总超氧化物歧化酶的活性;用比色法定量测定谷胱甘肽-S转移酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽、总抗氧化能力活性;用考马斯亮蓝法测定细胞匀浆中的蛋白含量,探讨内毒素对体外培养仓鼠肾细胞的抗氧化酶活性的影响以及阳离子A对其的保护作用。结果表明,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组各种抗氧化酶的活性显著降低(P<0.05);Ⅲ组与Ⅱ组相比,抗氧化酶活性显著增高(P<0.05)。证实内毒素能诱导体外培养的肾细胞的抗氧化酶活性降低,阳离子A能有效保护细胞内的抗氧化酶。     

Comparison of Catalytic and Immunological Amylase Tests for Identifying of Saliva from Degraded Samples

The stability of salivary α‐amylase is a critical factor in both catalytic and immunological method‐based forensic saliva identification. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity of catalytic and immunological tests on degraded saliva samples. Degraded saliva stains were prepared by microbial decomposition using humid soil. Salivary α‐amylase activity was catalytically detected both qualitatively and quantitatively using the Phadebas^® amylase test. As immunological methods, we conducted qualitative and quantitative tests using the RSID?‐saliva test and ELISA, respectively. Salivary α‐amylase activity of degraded samples (incubated at 37°C for 12 h) was significantly lower than that of controls in the quantitative tests. All the degraded samples obtained by the humid soil produced negative results in the Phadebas^® tests, but showed positive results in the RSID?‐saliva test and ELISA. These results suggest that immunological tests are effective for testing degraded saliva samples that have lost their enzymatic activity.     

盐胁迫下白花前胡香豆素合成途径关键酶基因生物信息学分析

目的 系统研究白花前胡香豆素合成途径关键酶基因的蛋白结构特征，并明确关键酶基因在盐胁迫下的表达模式。方法 通过白花前胡前期转录组测序，确定前胡香豆素生物合成关键酶基因的序列，利用蛋白质结构分析预测软件对关键酶蛋白进行系统预测分析，并通过qRT-PCR分析盐胁迫下关键酶基因的变化规律。结果 关键酶基因编码蛋白都有着各自特殊的保守结构域和三级结构；0.15 mol/L NaCl处理4 h对PAL和4CL基因的表达水平影响最高，比对照组上调1倍；而COMT-S和GXM在不同处理时间下，基因表达水平均明显下降。结论 受盐胁迫后上调表达的香豆素合成途径关键酶基因，可以提高植物对逆境胁迫的耐受性。     

大鼠心肌缺血再灌流损伤的免疫组化研究

用16只 SD 大白鼠建立缺血再灌流心肌损伤模型,其中8只预先静脉注射吗啡以抗心律失常。此外,再用8只大鼠开胸作正常对照。其心脏标本进行 HE 染色及抗肌动蛋白单克隆抗体(HHF_(35))免疫组化观察:对照组心肌呈均匀一致的棕褐色染色;注射吗啡后再灌流组心肌呈小灶性分布的 HHF_(35)染色缺染区;未注射吗啡组心肌缺染呈广泛大面积分布。结果表明,HHF_(35)免疫组化法对显示实验性心肌缺血再灌流损伤有重要价值,且心肌缺血再灌流损伤程度与心律失常有关。     

家兔玻璃体液HBDH、LDH活性变化与PMI相关性的研究

目的 寻找一种推断PMI的新方法。方法 应用全自动生化检测仪(用比色法)检测家兔死后0-54小时玻璃体液内羟丁酸脱氢酶(HBDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)在两组温度下(25-30℃:10-15℃)的失活情况。结果 两种酶的活性在死后一定时间内各出现一个平台期,平台期后两酶的活性迅速下降,低温组在死亡54小时后活性几乎为零,高温组在死亡48小时后活性几乎为零。经统计学分析得知死后两种酶活性与PMI之间有显著的负相关性(P<0.05)。结论 在0-54小时内依据其各自的回归方程将可以大致地推断PMI,依据两种酶活性的多元回归方程可以较准确地推断PMI。     

猪高脂血症心肌组织内皮素-1的表达

目的 探讨高脂血症对心肌组织内皮素-1(ET-1)表达的影响。方法 12头猪等分为高脂血症组与正常对照组，复制高脂血症动物模型后，用免疫组化3P法观察心肌组织内ET-1的表达情况，并用图像分析系统进行图像分析。结果 高脂血症组ET-1的表达明显高于正常对照组，差异显著(P＜0.001)。结论 高血脂容易诱导心肌组织ET-1的表达。     

豚鼠过敏性休克类胰蛋白酶活力测定

目的探索过敏性休克法医学客观诊断标准。方法建立豚鼠异种血清过敏性休克模型,采用专性底物对模型鼠的血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力进行测定。结果过敏性休克豚鼠血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力均增加,且三者增加的程度是平行的。结论过敏性休克时,血清,肺,气管类胰蛋白酶活力增加可作为法医检案客观诊断标准。