桃红四物汤对脑微血管内皮细胞-PC12细胞共培养体系缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型的保护作用

目的 观察桃红四物汤对脑微血管内皮细胞-PC12细胞共培养体系缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型的保护作用。方法 采用氧-葡萄糖剥夺再恢复的方法诱导脑微血管内皮细胞（brain microvascular endothelial cells, BMECs）和PC12细胞共培养体系的缺糖缺氧再灌注损伤模型，并通过流式细胞仪检测PC12细胞活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平，酶联免疫吸附法检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性，采用Western Blot法检测Bcl-2、Bax和缺氧诱导因子-1α（hypoxia inducible factor-1α，HIF-1α）的表达水平。结果 桃红四物汤促进PC12细胞的活力，抑制细胞凋亡和ROS的产生，抑制MDA的活性，增强SOD和GSH-Px的活性，上调HIF-1α和Bcl-2的表达并下调Bax的表达。结论 桃红四物汤对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用可能与抗氧化作用有关。     

The Characteristics and Motivations Behind Female Prison Sex

Abstract

Research on the topic of consensual same-sex sexual activities within female prisons has been sparse in sociological and correctional literature. The purpose of the present study was to examine the characteristics and motivations which affect a female inmate's decision to engage in same-sex sexual activity. The most significant and salient variables associated with the same-sex sexual activity among female inmates were age and amount of time served. Younger inmates and those who had served longer periods of time incarcerated were identified as more likely than older inmates and women who have served shorter periods of time to engage in homosexual activity. Race and religion also had a significant effect on selected same-sex sexual behavior in the female correctional facility. The present study finds equal, but limited support for both the deprivation and importation models.     

Official incidents of inmate-on-inmate misconduct at a women’s prison: using importation and deprivation theories to compare perpetrators to victims

Importation and deprivation theories have long been used to explain prison misconduct and victimization among male inmates. However, the key variables from these theories have rarely been tested on female inmates. In addition, many of these existing studies use combined samples of males and females, while ignoring female-only samples of prisoners. Using data from official misconduct reports collected from 2007 to 2012 from a large women’s prison in Ohio, the current study sought to compare the characteristics of perpetrators of inmate-on-inmate misconduct to their victims. Findings reveal that variables from both importation (age, race, and current violent offender status) and deprivation (mental health status and prior violent disciplinary reports) theories were significant in predicting perpetrator vs. victim likelihood. Policy implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

The effects of deprivation on the time spent examining crime scenes and the recovery of DNA and fingerprints

DNA and fingerprint identifications are now accepted as an integral part of the investigation of a wide range of criminal offences from burglary and auto crime to serious and major crime. Despite this, there is still much variation between U.K. police forces in the recovery of fingerprint and DNA material from crime scenes. Analysis of burglary and auto crime data for Northamptonshire, U.K., during a 3-year period has enabled an examination of the relationship between the deprivation of the neighborhood in which the crime was committed and the level of service provided by Crime Scene Examiners. The results indicate that the time spent examining a crime scene for forensic evidence is not affected by the deprivation of the neighborhood. Further, there is no statistical significance between deprivation and the recovery of fingerprints from the crime scene. The relationship between deprivation and DNA recovery is, however, statistically significant with DNA being recovered more frequently from less deprived neighborhoods.     

电针大脑中动脉闭塞模型大鼠血清减轻体外新生乳鼠神经细胞的缺糖低氧损伤的作用研究

目的 观察"电针血清"对新生乳鼠皮质神经细胞糖氧剥夺/复氧(oxygen-glucose depriva-tion and reoxygenation,OGD/R)损伤的作用.方法 将成年SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、电针组,采用电凝法复制大脑中动脉闭塞模型;7d后对各组大鼠进行腹主动脉取血,离心,抽取上清,分离新生...     

Examining Predictors of Depression Among Older Incarcerated Women

For older women in prison, adjustments to prison life are often affected by a variety of mental and physical health symptoms. Many come to prison with specific histories of traumatic life experiences that place them at risk for high levels of depression. Using data gathered from 327 older women (mean age = 56.5), we examined the relationship between a variety of preprison conditions and prison deprivation factors as possible predictors of depression. Stepwise regression results indicated that depression was greater for those with prior abuse histories, functional health problems along with poorer perceptions of mental and physical health, safety and other prison environment concerns. Although race was not a significant predictor in the regression model, a t-test did find that whites were more depressed than African Americans in our sample. Other correlates of depression are also identified that lend insights into the high rates of depression found among elderly women in prison. With such high rates of psychiatric disorders among women offenders, more treatment interventions are needed to adequately serve this population.     

Relative deprivation,protests and voting in Kenya

While protests and voting are forms of political participation, their theoretical and empirical literature has largely developed independently and remains unintegrated, despite a possible common causal mechanism. This paper explores the possibility that perceptions of relative deprivation could be a common causal mechanism. It identifies three forms of relative deprivation – intra-personal, inter-personal, and fraternalistic. Using the Afrobarometer survey data for Kenya, the paper tests the influence of each of the three forms of relative deprivation on the likelihood of voting or participating in protests. The results show that intra-personal relative deprivation influences the likelihood of protesting and voting, by raising the former while reducing the latter. However, inter-personal and fraternalistic relative deprivations are not significant predictors of the likelihood of either protesting or voting.     

The Nexus of Political Violence and Economic Deprivation: Pakistani Migrants Disrupt the Refugee/Migrant Dichotomy

There have been discussions about how the labels “forced migrants,” related to political violence, and “voluntary migrants,” associated with economic factors, cannot be understood in categorical ways. However, there has been less focus on the specificities of the asylum-migrant nexus from the perspective of migrants. This essay discusses how such factors intersect as understood by Pakistani migrants residing in Germany. Through enacting a critical view of Pakistan, the migrants demonstrate how aspects of corruption, economic deprivation, and political violence come to intersect so that is becomes impossible to classify asylum seekers in binary/dichotomous ways.     

管制附加剥夺政治权利的合理性质疑

我国刑法关于管制附加剥夺政治权利的规定的合理性存在疑问。从刑罚的内容上审视,剥夺政治权利的主要内容基本包含于管制之中 从刑罚的对象上审视,管制可以附加剥夺政治权利的适用范围十分狭窄 从刑罚的适用上审视,管制附加剥夺政治权利带来操作上的诸多麻烦。因此,管制附加剥夺政治权利的规定应取消为宜。     

"相对剥夺"理论视角下的农村盗窃问题研究

当前新农村建设如火如荼,可愈演愈烈的农村盗窃问题却严重影响着新农村建设的全面协调发展。本文试运用“相对剥夺”理论对农村盗窃问题予以探讨,以揭示农村盗窃问题产生的深层根源,并据此提出解决农村盗窃问题的措施,从而有效遏制及防止农村盗窃问题的发生,最终保障社会主义新农村建设的顺利进行。