Beyond Nancy Fraser's 'perspectival dualism'

The bifurcation between economically and culturally orientated perspectives has become a central trope in critical thinking on the problems of social justice and injustice. This paper attempts a critical explication and assessment of Nancy Fraser's recent work on this problem. She attempts to transcend the culture-economy divide by proposing a 'perspectival dualism' in which distinctive 'economic-redistributive' and 'cultural-recognitive' logics of justice are analytically distinguished and practically combined so as to furnish a balanced strategy for left-critical praxis. The paper seeks to demonstrate how and why Fraser's dualistic perspective fails, insofar as it is untenable to confine recognitive claims to the realm of culture, since they can be seen to underpin both redistributively and culturally oriented manifestations of social struggle. An alternative, multi-axial and 'metatheoretical' conception of recognition is offered, one which, it is claimed, can encompass both economic and cultural struggles within its theoretical ambit.     

人脸检测识别技术在警察执法中的应用

人脸识别是一门利用人脸的个性特征来进行身份鉴别的技术。人脸识别系统由人脸检测、人脸预处理、特征提取和分类器四部分组成。人脸识别技术在警察执法工作中主要应用于识别证件、监视与查缉、安全验证、紧急救援等方面。     

正确认识民族优惠政策

民族优惠政策是中国解决民族问题的重要举措,是社会主义民族关系的主要体现。但长期以来人们对于这一政策的看法并不一致,尤其随着市场经济的发展,国内外不断有人以不同的方式对民族优惠政策提出疑问。因此,有必要从认识上对此予以澄清,以在当前国际民族主义盛行、国内经济差距拉大的现实下,维护多民族中国的和谐与发展。     

Surrogacy,Identity, Parentage and Childrenʼs Rights – Through the Eyes of a Child

In this article I will focus on two important aspects of children's rights which are impacted by artificial reproductive technology (particularly surrogacy); being the rights to identity and the rights to legal parentage. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child acknowledges the importance of a child's right to identity, to be protected from discrimination on the basis of the status or beliefs of the child's parents, legal guardians or family members. For many children born through surrogacy arrangements, they may have only one or no legally recognized parent. The adults caring for them may have parental responsibility orders but this falls well short of providing children with the benefits and protections that legal parentage does. The issue of identity can be complex. Increasingly, states have recognized the importance of children knowing the circumstances of their birth and being able to access biological and genetic information including medical information. From a child's perspective the issues of identity and parenthood are intertwined. Given the importance of identity, more needs to be done to ensure that identifying information about children born as a result of artificial reproductive technology is properly stored and readily accessible for these children. Denying a child legal parentage when there are no concerns about the care being provided by their parents cannot be justified when considered from a children's rights perspective.     

Why Should Remorse be a Mitigating Factor in Sentencing?

This article critically examines the rationales for the well-settled principle in sentencing law that an offender’s remorse is to be treated as a mitigating factor. Four basic types of rationale are examined: remorse makes punishment redundant; offering mitigation can induce remorse; remorse should be rewarded with mitigation; and remorse should be recognised by mitigation. The first three rationales each suffer from certain weaknesses or limitations, and are argued to be not as persuasive as the fourth. The article then considers, and rejects, two arguments against remorse as a mitigating factor in sentencing: that the crime, not the offender, is the focus of punishment; and that the truly remorseful offender would not ask for mitigation. The article concludes with a brief consideration of whether a lack of remorse should be an aggravating factor.

《民法典》中准合同制度的历史演变与体系效应

准合同制度是我国《民法典》中的一项重要制度,其包括无因管理和不当得利。准合同概念源于罗马法。随着合同一般概念的发展,准合同概念中的意思论要素被法学家们不断强调,其中,近代自然法学派尤其重视对准合同概念进行意思论的改造。然而,意思论的准合同处于法定之债与意定之债的中间环节,已不再被当代主要大陆法系国家立法所坚持。由于我国《民法典》的立法者采取了实用主义的立法思路,所以,我们应在法定之债模式下理解准合同制度。无因管理制度的准合同属性主要体现在《民法典》第984条中,即管理人管理事务经受益人事后追认的,从管理事务开始时起,适用委托合同的有关规定。然而,这一规定是否具有实际意义值得商榷。准合同理论对不当得利制度的影响主要体现在建构返还法体系和统一化或类型化不当得利返还请求权方面,而非体现在对具体合同条款的准用中。     

国家治理视阈中的“道德承认”原则

中国特色社会主义的依法治国不同于西方资本主义国家的依法治国,其根本区别是:西方资本主义国家的依法治国是以"契约论"为基础,目的是为了保护个体私有财产不受侵犯。而中国特色社会主义的依法治国是立足于公有制经济基础,超越了"资产阶级法权狭隘眼界",把"道德承认"作为国家治理视阈中的价值原则。"以德治国"具有内在客观性,而"依法治国"则具有外在客观性,两者必须相互扬弃对方的片面性而达成和解。"以德治国"需要在国家治理中确立"道德承认"原则,并把"道德承认"原则作为国家共同体的实体性存在论基础。所谓"道德承认"是指,在共同体中,每个个体都应该从至高无上的"善"的理念出发,而不仅仅是从保护个体财产不受侵犯的原则出发,来保证共同体具有绝对的存在论基础的基本理念。因此,"依法治国"不意味着取代"以德治国",而是要坚持两者相结合。"以德治国"提供的"道德承认"原则为"依法治国"提供了终极性价值支撑。     

论仲裁裁决的撤销与不予执行——兼谈中国《仲裁法》的修改

仲裁裁决的撤销与不予执行制度是法院对仲裁进行司法监督的重要方式。本文在探究该制度在我国的来源、仲裁制度的价值以及对各国仲裁监督制度进行比较后认为,新修订的《仲裁法》不应再拘泥于1991年修订的《民事诉讼法》的规定,特别是“双轨制”和实体审查的规定,在平衡公正与效率两个原则的前提下,顺应国际立法潮流,实行仅对仲裁裁决的程序事项进行司法审查的制度,在撤销和不予执行仲裁裁决制度上实行“单轨制”,本文在文末进一步提出了具体的修改意见。     

论人的联合与双向承认法权

人的联合既是基于承认的欲望,也是承认的实现形式,从而是自由本身;相互承认是公民联合的机制和形式,公民身份则是落实、体现人的联合及其相互承认的枢机,而一以法权体制笼统之,法权即自由。法权秩序的人性基础体现为"最初之人"与"最后之人"的预设,而昭示了不同文化、政治共同体的自我政治-道德理解,展现了它们对于人世生活与人间秩序的可欲图景的不同憧憬。