侦查机关内设鉴定机构鉴定问题的透视与分析——13起错案涉及鉴定问题的展开

鉴定结论被人们誉为"科学证据"。通过对13起错案涉及有关鉴定问题的透视,发现这一"殊荣"因侦查机关内设鉴定机构的"问题鉴定"使某些鉴定结论成了错案的"帮凶",这不仅导致了案件事实的错认,造成了司法不公正,同时降低了司法鉴定的公信力,最终影响了诉讼效率。我国司法鉴定制度改革在取消人民法院和司法行政部门内设鉴定机构的同时,准许侦查机关内设鉴定机构,这种制度是否合理值得进一步研究。     

表见代理的经济分析

表见代理的基本价值取向是效率,即以最小的预防成本预防表见代理纠纷的发生,从而促进交易并降低社会成本.表见代理是否成立,应当取决于相对人预防成本是否比本人的更大.相对人的善意无过失,可界定为相对人投入了不低于最佳预防的预防成本.经济分析表明,表见代理的适用不以本人过失为要件.     

以科学发展观为指导推进法律援助制度建设

法律援助作为为经济困难的公民或者特殊案件的当事人提供免费法律服务的一项法律保障制度，其核心工作是合理设置法律援助组织机构、科学划分法律援助职责权限、有效保障及管理使用法律援助经费等。为此，应以学习实践科学发展观为契机，认真查找目前法律援助机构设置、职责权限分配、经费保障及使用管理等方面存在的主要问题并深入分析其成因，从制度体系建设层面对解决问题的措施和办法进行有益的探索。     

不动产登记机构设置探析

不动产登记机构要统一已经成为各界的共识,但如何统一则存在由法院、行政机关、中介机构充任等多种选择方案。不动产登记机构的选择应坚持有效性、可行性和效率原则。从不动产登记的目标和我国一直由行政部门登记的国情出发,先以土地、房产登记为基础设立独立的不动产登记局,再逐步统一整个不动产登记是当前的合理选择。不动产登记局的设立应从登记机构及其人员设置、登记机构的职责、对从登记机构的监管等方面加以明确规定。     

Militarization in Burma's ethnic states: causes and consequences

Despite a dramatic reduction in fighting in Burma's ethnic states, militarization has increased as the regime seeks to extend its sovereignty and capitalize on economic opportunities. Rather than ensuring civilians' safety, militarization has exposed more civilians to human security threats, with serious consequences for families and communities. Abuses are likely to continue as long as the regime under-finances its army, disregards disciplinary problems, and receives diplomatic cover from its foreign economic partners. While civilians have sought to manage these threats as best they can, their degree of agency is, in most cases, highly constrained, and women have been particularly affected. Nevertheless, the development of community-based organizations which make use of porous borders to expose abuses and provide assistance to distressed communities constitutes an important, if limited, development.     

对公安机关具体行政行为的探讨

公安机关作为国家行政机关的重要组成部分，由于其自身的特殊性，决定其不但拥有行政执法的职能，同时还具有刑事执法的职能。另外，公安机关是一个独立的机关法人，因而还具有民事法律行为。实践中这几种不同的法律行为有时互相交织在一起，使得行为的性质难以认定。由于不同的法律行为引起的侵权行为需要通过不同的法律途径予以解决，所以就必须对公安机关的具体行政行为有一个比较明确的认识。     

我国商事仲裁制度改革若干建议

随着经济全球化的发展,我国现有仲裁制度的局限与不足日渐明显,需要积极进行改革,包括：应减少对仲裁机构的行政干预,确保其独立的民间地位;借鉴外国相关立法和经验,对仲裁协议作比较宽松的规定及解释;为提高仲裁效率,应赋予临时仲裁相应的法律地位;法院对仲裁的司法干预应不断弱化,而对仲裁的协助应不断加强。     

“妻子偷提丈夫存款”案引发的思考

学界多关注于离婚时夫妻的财产分割问题,而忽略了对夫妻在日常生活中如何管理、使用共同财产问题的研究.可是,相对于离婚的暂时而言,夫妻的共同生活却是漫长的.因此,如果对夫妻如何在日常生活中行使管理使用共同财产问题解决不妥会引发大量的纠纷,危及夫妻感情和社会的稳定.笔者通过对该案例的分析,认为夫妻对共同财产享有平等处分权只是一项法律制度,在具体适用时必须要综合考虑其他的法律制度和法律原则,并要受具体法律规范的约束.为了妥善解决因平等处分权引起的问题,应该引进家事代理制度.     

机关犯罪立法之反思

1997年刑法典把国家机关规定为犯罪主体,是立法者在积极政治观指导下高估立法能力和司法能力的产物。从消极政治观、刑法的谦抑性以及机关犯罪本身的内在缺陷等方面来看,应取消机关犯罪,把机关排除在犯罪主题之外。     

Women's agency in Australia's first fertility transition: a debate revisited

The place of women's agency in the fertility transition of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century is a contested one. Some argue that the transition was achieved mainly through male methods of contraception. Others, including many arguing from an Australian perspective, contend that women's agency in fertility decline was significant. In this article, the authors revisit the issue of women's agency in Australia. Drawing on a range of archival sources and scholarship, they seek to demonstrate that women in Australia in the last quarter of the nineteenth century had access to contraception, albeit limited, and, where that failed, to abortion. The authors argue that the changing political and educational climate, which saw women gaining the vote in 1894 in South Australia and admission to secondary and higher education and paid work, provided the setting for women's changing status. Their increasing agency – an agency many women worked to secure – encouraged women to challenge many traditional practices.