The Changing Spaces of Local Governance in Nicaragua

This article considers the new spaces for the participation of civil society organisations (CSOs) in local governance that have emerged in Nicaragua between 2000 and 2009, and how government and CSOs interact in these spaces. It discusses the significant changes that have taken place in Nicaraguan local governance during this period, and highlights the challenges for CSOs to engage with these spaces at different points in time. It finds that grassroots CSOs in Managua that based their engagement with the Bolaños government through these spaces on citizenship have been drawn into a more clientelist relationship with Ortega's government.     

20世纪80年代“第三梯队建设”战略决策的历史考察

1980年代初，中共中央从保持党的执政地位、国家的长期稳定及加快社会主义现代化建设出发，作出关于第三梯队建设的战略决策。这一过渡性人才选拔培养战略，至80年代末随着其使命的完成而退出历史舞台。尽管它存在的时间不长，但其产生的影响却极为深远。     

物业管理的立法完善

物业管理与百姓的生活息息相关,随着房地产的升温,物业管理中的纠纷也日益增多。然而我国目前尚无一部专门的物业管理法律,应加强理论研究工作,出台专门的《物业管理法》,并建立物业纠纷处理系统,以解决物业管理实务中的问题。     

Integration of the Family Therapy Specialist into Public School Pupil Personnel Services

SUMMARY

The integration of a full-time family counseling specialist into the Pupil Personnel Service (PPS) Team of the modern public school is described. The roles of the present specialists are delineated as well as the problems inherent within the present Pupil Personnel Services Team. Inclusion of a family counseling specialist on the PPS Team would help schools avoid the antagonist position they find themselves in when a family opposes their suggestions and interventions. In such cases, the PPS Team attempts to wrest control of the case from the parents which subjugates the family, limiting the family's inherent resilience and strength. The family comes to resent the PPS Team, seeing them as blameful and controlling. Conversely, the PPS Team comes to resent the family, claiming it is “dysfunctional” in some way and using diagnostic labels to satisfy themselves that their “expert” actions are justified. This antagonist position in the schools arises more out of fear of litigation than good case management. We propose a new integration of family system and school system. Creation of a family counseling specialist who is highly trained in systems, narrative and structural/strategic family therapy could ameliorate this antagonist problem. Numerous functions for such a new specialty are listed as well as suggestions for including this member into PPS Team work.     

新时期公安机关绩效管理探讨

绩效考核是一把双刃剑,考核合理可以推动公安管理效能,反之,则挫伤民警的工作积极性,影响公安机关的长远发展。公安机关绩效管理应以有利于公安工作的长远发展为目标,坚持正确的价值取向,积极引进先进的绩效管理工具,不断完善公安机关绩效考核机制,促进公安工作创新,提升公安工作效率,实现公安机关的可持续发展。     

19世纪前欧洲国际私法学说重述

19世纪以前欧洲的国际私法学说对国际私法的实践和理论发展有着不可或缺的重要作用,但是目前国内对这些学说的解读,由于各种原因,并没有展现学说的原貌。鉴于此,同时抛弃非理性偏爱,本文对传统的各个学说进行了尽可能的再现,希望能对学说的学习和研究有所帮助。     

试论清末民初时期国家权力在乡村的渗透——基于小说《白鹿原》叙事的考察

清末民初,＂国权不下县＂的状态被打破,国家权力开始向乡村社会下沉,中央政权通过建立区乡制度、重建保甲制度以及通过国家法和民间法的博弈攫取乡村社会的统治权,对乡村社会进行官治。     

“中国梦”的国际意义和外交政策导向分析

"中国梦"的提出不仅对中华民族的伟大复兴以及自身全方位的发展有着重大的指导意义,而且对推动整个国际社会的发展进步产生了重大影响。当然,"中国梦"的实现也离不开一个有利的国际环境。当下的中国正处于一个重要战略机遇期,国际环境中既存在诸多挑战,也包含很多机遇。为此,未来的外交事业应当以"中国梦"为导向,秉承新思路和新理念正确处理国与国之间关系,强化"负责任大国"的身份,稳步推进公共外交和人文交流,为"中国梦"的实现打造一个有利的国际环境。     

社会管理创新中的社会自治

社会管理创新中的社会自治是经济社会发展的必然要求。对社会自治认识的局限性、长期的计划经济条件下的政府管理体制的惯性思维和社会自治组织的自身缺陷是社会自治面临的障碍。促进社会自治需要政府向社会自治组织放权放手和培育、扶持社会自治组织以及建立健全相关的制度和法律。