“上下班途中交通事故认定为工伤”体现了法治进步科学合理

＂上下班途中交通事故认定为工伤＂条款没有被废止体现了社会法治进步,因为上下班途中所发生的车祸符合工伤保险的基本要件,＂交强险＂和民事赔偿不能替代工伤保险赔偿,在目前我国的经济发展和法制条件下,保存并扩大这一规定利大于弊,相关问题可以通过对这一规定加以调整和完善加以解决。     

我国海上溢油事故海洋环境损害赔偿法律问题研究——以船舶溢油事故为视角

海上石油开发及油轮运输中发生的事故都会对海洋环境造成损害。以船舶溢油事故为例,中国海洋环境损害赔偿面临＂海洋生态损害＂概念模糊、损害赔偿难以量化、国家行政主管部门索赔存在交叉等困境。传统侵权法理论无法确定海洋环境损害的范围,更无法将海洋环境损害进行量化。尽管有关船舶溢油海洋环境损害赔偿法律体系的发展在一定程度上缓解了侵权法无法解决的难题,但仍需完善现有的法律制度,以期有效、及时地赔偿海洋环境损害。     

房屋拆迁补偿与公民财产权的宪法保护

房屋拆迁是对公民重大财产的剥夺,不仅涉及到公民财产所有权等民事权利的保护,更涉及到公民私有财产的宪法保护。我国宪法对公民财产权保护的制度性的不足,是导致房屋拆迁实践中种种问题的渊薮。尤其是此次修宪对“公共利益”的定义,和对征收、征用私有财产的补偿原则的缺失,使公民财产权利保护的原则在宪法层面上缺乏依据。在房屋拆迁方面,上述不足将公民房屋拆迁及其补偿造成至为不利的影响。因此,严格规制公共利益和公平补偿应当是对私有财产保护的宪法原则,也应当是房屋拆迁补偿中的核心原则。其中,拆迁补偿方式中, 原址产权调换在体现公平补偿原则方面具有特殊的重要意义。笔者认为,以原址产权调换为原则,来确定拆迁补偿方式或金额,并以此为房屋产权人户提供多种安置补偿方式,是当前解决拆迁纠纷的现实之举。     

When I grow up… I don't want to be broke: The problems with child actor trust fund requirements

Child actors have consistently been treated as typical minority laborers, with all of their earnings legally belonging to their parents. After many child actors were left with scraps at the end of their minority, Coogan's law was enacted in California to require parents of child actors to withhold some of their earnings in a trust. However, almost a century after Coogan's law was passed, there are still many child actors left with nothing. This Note proposes to both enact further union regulations to protect child actors in every state, and also to raise the required amount withheld from fifteen percent (15%) to fifty percent (50%).     

我国工伤事故性质及救济模式的法律考量

我国劳动法和民法的竞合造成工伤事故既具有劳动保险性,又具有民法上的特殊侵权性,相应的其救济途径包括上伤保险赔偿和民事侵权损害赔偿.在选择、取代、兼得和补充四种救济模式中,应选择补充模式,即劳动者先领取工伤保险赔偿,不足部分可通过侵权损害赔偿获得救济.这是一种既公平合理,又符合我国国情的工伤事故救济模式,能够达到保护劳动...     

Preventing construction deaths: The role of public policies

Are stronger direct financial incentives or regulatory enforcement effective in reducing fatalities in the construction industry? We examine two important policies—state workers' compensation (WC) programs and federal and state Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) activities—which embody those strategies. We examine their impact by looking at state-level fatality rates in the construction industry from 1992 to 2016. Setting aside highway crashes and violence, the majority of employee deaths occur in construction. We find that states which exempt small firms from the requirement to buy WC insurance have higher fatality rates. When eligibility for compensation is restricted by longer waiting periods, fatality rates are substantially higher. More frequent federal or state OSHA inspections and, especially, consultation visits are associated with lower fatality rates, but higher average penalties are not. Limited variation in these policies over our sample period, especially for WC, makes these results suggestive rather than definitively causal.