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This Article seeks to map the possible paths of the development of China's data protection law by examining the changing power relations among three major actors - the State, digital enterprises and the public in the context of China's booming data-driven economy. We argue that focusing on different core values, these three major actors are the key driving forces shaping China's data protection regime. Their dynamic and multidimensional power relations have been casting the development of China's data protection law with various uncertainties. When persuing different, yet not always conflicting values, these three major actors may both cooperate and compete with each other. Based on our careful analysis of the shifting power relations, we identify and assess three possible paths of the development of China's data protection law. We are much concerned that the proposed comprehensive data protection law might be a new attempt of the State to win legitimacy abroad, while actually trying to reinforce massive surveillance besides economic goals. We argue that a modest alternative may be that this law might show some genuine efforts for protecting data privacy, but still with poor enforcement. Last, we argue that the most desirable development would be that this law could provide basic but meaningful and effective protection for data privacy, and lay a good foundation for further development. 相似文献
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is involved more frequently in the creative process nowadays, which raises debates associated with copyright protection for its outputs across the globe, China included. On 25 April 2019, the Beijing Internet Court released the first decision in relation to the copyrightability of the output automatically generated by computer software in China. In this case, the Beijing Internet Court held that copyrightable works should be created by natural persons, and therefore denied copyright protection for the output intelligently generated by computer software although it possessed originality. In another case decided on 24 December 2019, the Nanshan District Court of Shenzhen approved that the output automatically generated by computer software was copyrightable, holding that the review generated by an intelligent writing software conformed to the formal requirements of written works and it could be granted copyright protection.This article analyses these two cases in detail and describes the experience of China in copyright protection for AI-generated outputs. As the first two cases about copyrightability of AI-generated outputs in China, the two cases play a significant role in future copyright protection of such outputs nationally and internationally. The two cases indicate that some of AI-generated outputs are eligible for copyright protection in China. Instead of challenging the existing doctrines of modern copyright regime, the two decisions provide a mechanism for copyright protection of AI-generated outputs within the current human-centered copyright law realm. 相似文献
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Corporate data disputes have been rising rapidly in recent years in China. Courts typically apply the trade secret clause, the Internet clause, and the general clause under the Anti-Unfair Competition Law of PRC to the disputes. However, there are some limitations and problems, including the limited scope of the trade secret clause, the difficulty in interpretation of the Internet clause, and short of sufficient demonstration of the general clause, all leading to the lack of clear rules and guidelines for solving corporate data competition issue. The property nature of corporate data and the business operators’ factual control of the data necessarily require standard legal protection. Corporate data is not the property right, but the property interest protected under the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. For further legal positioning of the corporate data, the paper refers to the trade secret clause’s legislative principles. The paper also learns from the United States and Japan that both information misappropriation rule and newly established ‘shared data with limited access’ provision protect corporate data under their anti-unfair competition law. The paper concludes by providing judicial and legislative suggestions to pave the way for corporate data protection in China. At the judicial level, Chinese courts should clarify the specific application conditions of the general clause. At the legislative level, enacting new legislation ‘data clause’ into the Anti-Unfair Competition Law is necessary to regulate unfair competition behaviors related to corporate data. 相似文献
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目的 观察泻胃补脾针灸疗法对糖尿病前期患者的临床疗效。方法 将60例患者按照随机数字表法分为针灸组（32例）与对照组（28例）,针灸组在科学生活方式干预前提下以泻胃补脾为指导原则选穴针灸;对照组采用单纯生活方式干预,记录患者治疗前后的证候积分,检测患者治疗前后空腹血糖（fasting blood glucose,FPG）和糖化血红蛋白（hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c）变化,评价疗效。结果 两组临床疗效的分布比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与治疗前比较,针灸组治疗1个月后证候积分即显著降低（P<0.05）,两组治疗2个月后证候积分均较治疗前显著降低（P<0.05）,针灸组治疗1个月后和治疗2个月后证候积分均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）;与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后FPG和HbA1c均显著降低（P<0.05）;针灸组FPG和HbA1c降低程度显著大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 泻胃补脾针灸法是改善糖尿病前期患者症状的有效治疗手段。 相似文献
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仲裁的自治性是仲裁存在和发展的前提,法国赋予了国际商事仲裁高度自治性,严格限制法院的审查范围和力度,但是弱势方的利益保护问题也亟待解决。为此法国法对仲裁协议的效力作出限制性规定,同时注重维护仲裁员公正性。此外法国允许市场力量的介入,向弱势方提供了应对仲裁风险的保险工具。中国在强化国际商事仲裁自治性的同时,也须考虑由此带来的仲裁弱势方保护问题,应首先界定法律给与特殊保护的对象范围,在此基础上制定配套性规则,在仲裁管辖权和仲裁员指定方面对弱势方作出倾斜性的规定,同时允许保险人开发争议解决保险服务,提高弱势方的抗风险能力。 相似文献
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张丽 《山西警官高等专科学校学报》2013,(4):87-90
中国大学生的心理咨询需要考虑如何从中国传统文化的角度作必要的调整,为来访者提供适合文化的心理咨询.我们可以将中国传统哲学理念中的心理学理论精华转化为具体的心理咨询方法,在心理咨询中引入古老智慧,在具体的咨询目标建立、咨询沟通技巧、提问方式等方面加以推敲,并在此基础上构建出有中国传统文化特色的心理咨询模式,促进大学生心身的健康成长. 相似文献
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亢晶晶 《山西省政法管理干部学院学报》2013,(2):47-49
我国刑事诉讼法修订后,在逮捕条件中确立了预防性羁押制度,但只作了一般性的规定,目前,当务之急是要进一步明确预防性羁押的适用范围,适用程序,以对其进行严格的限制,从而最大限度地实现人权保障和社会防卫之间的平衡。 相似文献
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朱红慧 《湖南公安高等专科学校学报》2014,26(6):89-94
植物孢粉,是指植物的孢子和花粉,属于孢粉学的研究范畴。植物孢粉在自然界分布很广,密切地伴随着人类的各种活动,容易与多种诉讼活动发生联系而成为证据。在实际案件中,植物孢粉的利用率很低,反映人们对植物孢粉研究成果及其作用认识不够,缺乏对司法孢粉检验技术的相关研究。为此,对植物孢粉的形态检验方法、孢子花粉壁的构造和纹饰检验方法、地层中植物孢粉的提取方法进行了分析;对植物孢粉的研究方法在司法鉴定中的应用价值进行探讨,以期为司法孢粉检验技术的建立提供参考。 相似文献
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唐婷 《天水行政学院学报》2013,(3):102-104
罪己诏是古代帝王在面对灾异发生或政治失误等情况下所下的自责悔过的反省文书。正式的罪己诏最早出现在汉代,且数量较多。罪己诏的颁布一定程度上与汉代独特的政治观念有着联系,对维护和调整汉代政治统治、收买人心起着积极的作用,同时对古代政治治理模式的发展也具有深远的影响。 相似文献