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1.
Mackenzie Catriona; McDowell Christopher; Pittaway Eileen 《Journal of Refugee Studies》2007,20(2):299-319
This paper highlights some of the central ethical challengesinvolved in undertaking social science research with refugeesin conflict and crisis situations. It focuses on two main setsof challenges: first, the difficulties of constructing an ethicalconsent process and obtaining genuinely informed consent; andsecond, taking fully into account and responding to refugeeparticipants' capacities for autonomy. The authors also discussthe challenges involved in applying the central normative principlesgoverning ethics review processes—the principles of beneficence,integrity, respect for persons, autonomy and justice—tothe context of refugee research. It is argued that researchersshould seek ways to move beyond harm minimization as a standardfor ethical research and recognize an obligation to design andconduct research projects that aim to bring about reciprocalbenefits for refugee participants and/or communities. Some ofthe methodological issues raised by this analysis are discussedin the conclusion. 相似文献
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Robin Mackenzie 《Feminist Legal Studies》1999,7(2):175-191
This analysis scrutinises the rhetorical strategies used by judges in wrongful life and wrongful birth actions as evidence
for the assertion that the judicial reading of public policy in such cases has undergone a significant shift which is likely
to accelerate as genetic knowledge grows and health care resources shrink. The implications of the predicted move towards
increased genetic testing of prospective parents are traversed in relation to feminist analyses of the impact of genetics
on reproductive technology. These are viewed as forming a nexus with the current social constructions of disability and the
contemporary cultural preoccupation with risk, in a context of the increasing commercial importance of genetic information.
It is argued that women cannot make free and informed choices about genetic testing and pregnancy unless legal and social
mechanisms which protect those choices are in place.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Simon Mackenzie 《Crime, Law and Social Change》2010,54(1):21-38
Corporate negative externalities occur when corporations place some of the costs of their profit-seeking activity onto society.
This paper suggests that the current global problem of intellectual property crime is such an externality, and that it has
not been recognised as such because corporations present product counterfeiting and piracy as crimes which reduce their revenue,
rather than as predictable side effects of corporate production and merchandising, including branding activity, which have
considerable socially deleterious consequences. It is argued that corporate actors are responsible for the socially harmful
effects of the global counterfeiting problem in the following respects. Branding, advertising, and other corporate activities
drive the market for goods which have a fashion value over and above their use value. While corporations ‘create’ this desire,
they cannot prevent it being applied to the desire for fake or replica goods. Outsourcing of corporate production activities
to developing countries to take advantage of cheap manufacturing and labour costs presents considerable opportunities to producers
in those countries to copy and distribute the goods in an unauthorised way. Serious measures are not taken against product
counterfeiters by rights-holding corporations, since market expediency dictates that the costs of counterfeiting are not so
adverse to corporations to incentivise them to change their business methods. Counterfeit and pirated goods cause a range
of social harms above and beyond the spuriously-costed financial damage corporate rights-holders suggest they suffer - these
include the health and safety issues created by some fake goods, and the creation and maintenance of highly profitable organised
crime activity in international markets for fake goods. 相似文献