对缓刑犯适用剥夺政治权利问题探讨

对犯罪人适用缓刑不应把没有附加剥夺政治权利作为条件,是否对犯罪人附加剥夺政治权利也不应以主刑是否缓刑作为条件。对缓刑犯适用的剥夺政治权利宜从判决确定之日起执行,并从执行之日起计算刑期。在出现刑法第77条规定的情形时,主刑执行期间仍应剥夺政治权利,主刑执行期满之后是否剥夺政治权利则视主刑执行之前剥夺政治权利的期限是否届满而定。     

浅论罚金刑缓刑适用

近年来,随着罚金刑的广泛适用,许多学者对罚金刑存在的缺陷提出了许多质疑和完善的建议,其中包括罚金刑缓刑适用的建议。针对罚金刑缓刑在理论上的肯定论与否定论之争,借鉴国外刑法的有关规定,从缓刑适用的价值出发,主张罚金刑不宜适用缓刑。     

西北干旱地区农村集蓄雨水的所有权困境及路径分析

西北干旱地区缺乏地下水和地表水资源,降水资源不丰富并且年分布不均,所以把有限的降水集蓄起来加以有效利用就成为解决当地农民生产和生活用水的重要途径和手段。实践中通过集蓄利用雨水已取得了显著成效。现实中已经出现了集蓄雨水的买卖问题,尽快明确这部分水的所有权性质已经成为当务之急。然而,对集蓄雨水所有权主体归属及集蓄雨水工程的所有权主体界定等一系列问题在学术界和法律实务中却较少关注,如果不能很好地解决这些问题,将会影响甚至阻碍西部干旱地区农村集蓄雨水工作的进一步发展。     

专利技术的在先使用问题研究

在我国专利法中 ,仅对外观设计专利 ,第二十三条规定明确了授予专利权的外观设计不得与他人在先取得的合法权利相冲突 ,而对发明和实用新型专利没有做出明确规定。这是否意味着对于发明专利和实用新型专利不存在在先权原则制约 ?如果对此两类专利不存在在先权制约 ,如何理解适用专利法第六十三条第二款规定的 ,在专利申请日前已经制造相同产品、使用相同方法或者已经做好制造、使用的必要准备 ,并且仅在原有的范围内继续制造、使用的不视为侵犯专利权 ?不视为侵权的行为属于对专利权的合理使用还是专利权的取得不得损害他人在先权利 ?不解决上述问题 ,就无法分清实践中专利技术的在先使用和专利侵权的界限 ,由此可能导致截然不同的法律后果。本文作者以程序法的视角和保护知识产权国际公约协定确立的基本原则为背景 ,从明确保护专利技术的在先使用权、专利技术在先使用权抗辩专利权的法律适用、专利技术在先使用权的效力地位及保护途径三个方面来探讨解决上述问题。     

双亲性二氧化硅纳米悬浮液显现手印初探

目的 考查制备的双亲性二氧化硅纳米粒子在配制成悬浮液后对非渗透性客体上手印显现的能力。方法 通过调整溶剂类型、二氧化硅纳米粒子浓度、表面活性剂种类、溶液pH值等因素,探索二氧化硅纳米粒子悬浮液显现手印的最佳方法,并应用于手印显现和效果比较。结果 利用优化后的悬浮液浸显一些非渗透性客体表面的汗潜手印,显出的手印纹线流畅、细腻,细节特征清晰,反差明显,与传统的显现方法比较,此法具有明显优势。结论 研究表明,纳米二氧化硅悬浮液是显现手印的一种有效、简便和经济的方法,具有很好的应用前景。     

撤诉的诉讼时效后果

权利人撤诉后,因起诉而生的中断效力归于消灭,因为起诉是"独立"中断事由,它不依附于"请求"事由;起诉是"程序性"中断事由,要遵守程序法逻辑。中国式撤诉规则及其实践、起诉难现实、时效期间短、义务人不诚信等规则或现实不足以否定"不中断"立场。时效自撤诉之日起继续计算,但为防止权利人无足够时间行使权利,可规定"撤诉后6个月内时效不完成"。     

诉讼时效中止在民法中的具体适用

诉讼时效中止制度是世界各国民事立法之通例,但具体至各国而言则因国情或理论认识差异而互有不同。借鉴各国、各地区民事立法,构建我国全新的民事诉讼时效中止制度无论对民事立法还是司法实践都极具重要性。     

School punishment and interpersonal exclusion: Rejection,withdrawal, and separation from friends

School suspension is a common form of punishment in the United States that is disproportionately concentrated among racial minority and disadvantaged youth. In labeling theories, the implication is that such stigmatized sanctions may lead to interpersonal exclusion from normative others and to greater involvement with antisocial peers. I test this implication in the context of rural schools by 1) examining the association between suspension and discontinuity in same-grade friendship ties, focusing on three mechanisms implied in labeling theories: rejection, withdrawal, and physical separation; 2) testing the association between suspension and increased involvement with antisocial peers; and (3) assessing whether these associations are stronger in smaller schools. Consistent with labeling theories, I find suspension associated with greater discontinuity in friendship ties, based on changes in the respondents’ friendship preferences and self-reports of their peers. My findings are also consistent with changes in perceptual measures of exclusion. Additionally, I find suspension associated with greater involvement with substance-using peers. Some but not all of these associations are stronger in smaller rural schools. Given the disproportionate distribution of suspension, my findings indicate that an excessive reliance on this exclusionary form of punishment may foster inequality among these youth.     

Parliamentary Prorogation in Comparative Context

This paper examines the power to prorogue (or suspend) Parliament following the 2019 prorogation controversy in the UK. We outline the legal basis of prerogative-based prorogation, survey its uses in the UK and other Westminster systems, and compare it with equivalent rules in other European parliamentary democracies. The comparative perspective highlights the outlier status of the UK among comparable European democracies. In the UK, the absence of explicit legal limits on the use of prorogation gives the executive exceptional scope to employ the power for political purposes to sidestep Parliament. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for current discussions about the desirability of reforming the UK’s prorogation rules and placing express legal limits on the executive’s power.     

Paradise Lost...: The Meaning of Modernity and the Antinomy of the Law

This essay argues for the centrality of the study of paradoxes of particularity and universality in the interface between law and politics in modernity. Particularly, in order to understand the process of constitution of a political collective and the role of supernumerary elements that re-enter a constituted legal-political system. After introducing the question of paradoxes or antinomies in the relation between law and politics in modernity, the essay engages with current understandings of exceptionalism and the possibility of a leftist or ‘real’ suspension of the law. In order to do so, this essay makes full use of certain theoretical tools developed in anthropological accounts of political and legal processes, and current French-oriented and Latin American political philosophy.