Fundamental principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights and the applications

Legal principle, which underlies the value of the legal system, is supposed to be the origin and basis of concrete legal rules. It has also resulted from abstracting and summarizing the value and spirit of these legal rules. In light of the universality and hierarchy of legal principle, the principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights (IPR) can be divided into the following two types: one is the fundamental principles applied to the what, why and how a legal system shall be constructed, such as principles of sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit, joint development, and international cooperation, which also can be expressed as the principles of sovereignty, international coordination and cooperation, fairness and justice. The other type includes those existing in the legal system and capable of being applied directly, such as the principle of national treatment, principle of minimum standard, principle of independence (for industrial property right), principle of independent protection (for copyright), principle of compulsory implementing patent (for patent right) and doctrine of priority (for industrial property right), etc. In my opinion, the principles of the international protection system of IPR shall follow the latter model, indicating that they shall be provided and written in the international conventions on the grounds that they can be applied directly, and that they can be universally applied to the whole international protection system of IPR instead of exclusive application to one certain system. Hereupon, the author believes that principles concerning the international protection system of IPR should include the principles of national treatment, minimum protection standard and public interest.     

略论虚假自认的效力

从自认的效力基础来分析虚假自认效力,界定辩论主义地位,基于追求真实对辩论主义进行修正,在一定限度范围内确定真实义务,才能正确认定虚假自认的效力。     

法律如何在"社会情境"下存在——读昂格尔的《批判法学运动》

在对自由主义法学传统中的形式主义和客观主义批判的基础上,昂格尔提出"偏差原则"与重塑民主和市场制度形式的主张.这其中,以对法律与社会的适当关系的认知为理论支撑点,以权利体系的重新规定为主要内容之一.认为制度设计和"社会情境"的相互彰显是昂格尔思想中的核心之一,故以其为切入点,围绕法律如何在"社会情境"下存在这一问题,分析昂格尔意义下的"社会情境"的理论内涵和这一场景下昂格尔对法律中权利体系的方案设计,并对其理论构想的成立与否做出评价.     

什么是应有的法学理论态度观——从法学理论的相互搏杀言起

法律理论演进的历史表明,文人相攻的天性及对自我理论的偏爱决定了法学理论之间的相互搏杀.虽然这种理论的对垒确实促进了人们对法律真知认识深度的深化,但是这种理论阵地上的排斥异己现象却非一种正确的法学真理探求观,因为复杂的社会决定了任何法律的命题并不能提供法律全部的图像.与此同理,中国的法治理论观不应是一种搏杀观,而应是一种博采众长的兼收并蓄观.     

希伯来法中商业交易规范考辨

希伯来法是西方法律文明和英美法的源头之一,具有很高的研究价值.希伯来的商业交易规范是以《圣经》为法律渊源,源自习惯法则和宗教信仰,由此倡导契约守信观念和诚实无欺的贸易规则.从摩西时期的《圣经·旧约》到犹太教法典编纂时期的《塔木德》,商业交易规范形成与发展折射出希伯来商法的演变历程,也从一个侧面反映了西方商法成长的最初概貌,因此对其做一细致的考证,在外国法律史研究上颇有补正的功效.     

起诉便宜主义相关问题评析

起诉便宜主义在当事人主义及职权主义诉讼结构的国家都已有广泛运用并出现了发展新趋势。我国应扩大起诉便宜主义运用的范围。起诉便宜主义是审判中心主义得以确立的前提。起诉便宜主义与“检警一体化”是不相容的 ,并集中反映了检察官的裁判职能。     

继承的共同正犯研究

继承的共同正犯,是指对某一个犯罪,先行行为者着手实行后,在行为尚未全部实行终了阶段,他人(后行行为者)与先行者之间产生了共同实施犯罪的意思,此后共同实施犯罪的实行行为的情形。是否应当承认继承的共同正犯概念,后行者是否应当对先行者行为所造成的结果承担责任,对此,刑法理论界存在着肯定说、否定说与限定的肯定说等多种观点。应当认为继承的共同正犯概念有其存在的合理性,而限定的肯定说则更有利于准确界定各行为人的刑事责任。     

等级制与日本法律近代化

等级制在日本有其独有的历史和本土特色,推动了日本法律近代化。等级制的三个主要的构成要素——天皇、政府和民众在日本法律近代化过程中发挥了各自的作用。如果缺少等级制所延续和构建的社会环境,日本法律近代化的完成会因生存土壤的缺失而难以实现。     

儒家思想发展史上的性觉与性寂之争

儒家内部的对立,可以借用佛教“性寂”与“性觉”的分际来分别,而此种分别在儒家历史上造成的对立是根本差异,从而作为统一的“儒家”之称是否成立成为问题。这个结论,可以在具体分析儒门的“程朱之争”和“天泉证道”二公案来分析得之。     

试论“肾主大便”

According to viscera-state doctrine and clinical practice of distinguished physicians of the past, Kidney-yang and Kidn e y-yin not only directly affect the formation of stool but also indirectly affect that by means of warming and nourishing the spleen and stomach, generating between the lung and kidney, the kidney and bladder sharing a paired relationship in physiology. In pathology, deficiency of Kidney-yang re su 1 tsin diarrhea, insufficiency of Kidney-yang or Kidney-yin resul tsin constipation. Being directed at pathogenesis, the methods of treatment should be warming the Kidney to stop diarrhea, warming the Kidney to relax the bowels, nourishing the Kidney to keep the bowels open and so on. In addition, this article still probes into some part of the mechanism of "Kidney Controls Stool" .