检察机关机动侦查权分析及完善路径

机动侦查权是检察机关侦查权力不可或缺的一部分。从保留必要性来看,监察委员会的调查权和公安机关的侦查权均不能取代其法律监督的宪法地位。修订后的《刑事诉讼法》对检察机关机动侦查权的适用范围做出了限缩,机动侦查权在司法活动中运用的频率偏低。其原因是,检察机关机动侦查权在修订后的《刑事诉讼法》的相关规定要求下存在适用边界不明、启动程序繁琐、机关职权划分不明等问题。在明确《刑事诉讼法》对机动侦查权的功能定位是适时监督、寻求个案正义的前提下,通过划分机动侦查权适用的具体范围、简化机动侦查权的启动程序、确立检察机关启动机动侦查权的主导地位等路径对检察机关机动侦查权进行完善。     

Competitive Liberalization,Competitive Imperialism,and Intellectual Property

Aggressive pursuit of free trade agreements (FTAs) and customs unions (CUs) by major and minor trading powers alike challenges the conventional wisdom in favor of such pursuit – competitive liberalization. An equally plausible explanation for an active bilateral and regional trade agreement policy, one which effectively de-emphasizes multilateralism, may be competitive imperialism. The protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights is one area in which new provisions, going beyond multilateral rules, are being negotiated and written into FTAs and CUs. Such provisions may yield insights into which characterization of bilateralism and regionalism – competitive liberalization or competitive imperialism – is more apt. Rice Distinguished Professor, The University of Kansas, School of Law, Green Hall, 1535 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045-7577, USA. Tel. +1-785-8649224. Fax. +1-785-8645054. www.law.ku.edu. J.D., Harvard (1989); M.Sc., Oxford (1986); M.Sc., London School of Economics (1985); A.B., Duke (1984). Marshall Scholar (1984-86). Member, Council on Foreign Relations, Royal Society for Asian Affairs, and Fellowship of Catholic Scholars. Author, Modern GATT Law (Sweet & Maxwell 2005), International Trade Law: Theory and Practice (2nd ed. 2000, 3rd ed. forthcoming 2007-08), and Trade, Development, and Social Justice (Carolina Academic Press 2003). I am thankful to my Research Assistant, Mr. David R. Jackson (B.A., George Mason University, 1992; J.D. Class of 2007, University of Kansas), for his indispensable help on this work. I also am grateful to Dr. Mohammed El Said, University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN), for his consistent support and friendship, and for what he has taught and continues to teach me about international trade and intellectual property.     

International institutions and market expectations: Stock price responses to the WTO ruling on the 2002 U.S. steel tariffs

Many scholars assert that international institutions have little power to enforce laws, punish offenders, or force compliance. Others stress that international institutions are important actors, specifically in the regulation of international trade. In this paper, I show that the recent trade dispute over U.S. steel protection provides us with a critical case to evaluate the role of the World Trade Organization in settling trade disputes and specifically stabilizing expectations of market actors over future steel policy. I argue that stock prices can serve as an important tool in answering these questions. In an empirical analysis using daily steel stock prices, I find that during the 2002 WTO steel case, the WTO dispute mechanism helped market actors stabilize expectations of future trade policy.

全球化视野下的中国农民问题

中国的三农问题引起了越来越多的关注,中央政府希望通过农业补贴、减少税费等措施提高农民收入。但是与20世纪80年代中国农村不同,中国农民已经处于全球化的影响之下,这种影响已在农民就业、农业生产组织和农业生产三个方面充分展示。因此,我们必须站在全球的角度来看待中国的农民问题。     

我国加入WTO的经济形势与风险分析

我国加入世贸前由于存在金融体系巨额不良资产、投资总体上的低效、财政出现的困境等经济问题 ,入世后将对我国金融体系产生巨大的冲击 ,可能带来结构性失业人数急增 ,城乡差距拉大 ,贫富悬殊继续加大等问题。     

从非营利组织看事业单位的改革

中国在推进事业单位改革的过程中开始提出和使用非营利组织的概念,正确看待非营利组织现状和在中国公益事业中的作用,让事业单位和民间非营利组织平等发展,甚至相互竞争来促进事业单位提高服务意识和服务质量。使公益性,非营利性得到真正体现,并让改革的成果惠及全体人民。     

我国非营利组织市场导向及其影响因素研究——以全国采供血机构为例

国外在非营利组织市场导向研究方面已经有十余年经验,而我国在这一领域的研究才刚刚起步.以我国采供血机构(包括血站、血液中心等)为研究对象,通过问卷调查方法对MARKOR量表是否适用于我国非营利组织、我国采供血机构市场导向的现状、管理者对采供血机构市场导向的影响等问题进行了探讨.研究发现,MARKOR量表在测量采供血机构市场导向方面总体上有较高的信度和效度,但是在"组织对信息反应"构面上,个别指标的信度和效度比较低;在采供血机构市场导向的三个构面中,"跨部门信息传播"的得分最高,而"市场信息收集"的得分最低,这与发达国家的研究结论存在较大差异;管理者的职业教育、职业精神与市场导向的状况之间存在正相关关系.并且,进一步发现,职业精神对市场导向与职业教育的关系存在中介效应.最后,对以上发现的现实意义进行了讨论并指出了未来研究的方向.     

中日检察制度之比较思考

检察制度在我国司法体制占有独特地位,其对司法制度整体运行态势具有重要作用。本文以当代中日两国的具体检察制度为文本,对两国检察机关的设置及运行机制、检察机关的职权等方面进行比较,以探寻我国在此制度设计上的缺失。在此基础上,对我国的检察制度改革进行深入思考并针对相关问题提出初步建议。     

论WTO背景下我国税法改革基本原则的确立

根据世贸组织的规则和我国经济发展的实际,应尽快修改和完善税法体系。税收法定主义原则、税收公平主义原则、税收效率、协调性、渐进性原则应确立为我国税法改革的基本原则。     

论独立行使检察权的制度保障

宪法规定了检察机关独立行使检察权 ,但由于当前存在着检察权地方化、检察官管理行政化及检察官的法律保障制度不健全等检察管理体制的弊端 ,造成了检察机关不能有效地独立行使检察权。改革现行的管理体制 ,从外部制度上理顺检察机关的领导体制 ,从内部管理上提高检察官的任职条件和业务素质 ,从法律保障上提高检察官的地位和待遇 ,从而建立和完善独立行使检察权的制度保障