创新马克思主义哲学解读模式——构建中国特色马克思学的方法论前提

文章从历时向度,回顾、总结了马克思主义哲学在150多年发展进程中的三大解读模式:19世纪后半叶的"以恩解马"解读模式;20世纪上半叶的"以苏解马"解读模式;20世纪下半叶的"以西解马"解读模式。在此基础上,文章提出面向21世纪的全新解读模式,即"以马解马"模式,这是构建中国特色马克思学的方法论前提。     

底线思维的应用原则、实践图景和方法体系

从方法论维度尝试深化底线思维研究的相关探索,探讨在底线思维应用过程中需要遵循的主体性、历史性、能动性等基本原则;从单维和多维的角度描绘底线思维实践的逻辑图景;从基本路径、积极防御、最佳结果等三个层面讨论底线思维的方法体系。     

Nationalisation of multilevel party systems: A conceptual and empirical analysis

The concept of ‘nationalisation’ is vigorously discussed in the literature and three dimensions have been proposed. A first dimension considers the extent to which a party's vote in territorial units varies across time and this is labeled ‘dynamic nationalisation’. ‘Distributional nationalisation’ focuses on the degree to which there is an equal distribution of party votes across territorial units. Finally, ‘party‐linkage nationalisation’ concerns the extent to which candidates link together under common party labels. In addition to a conceptual debate there has been a simultaneous debate on the measurement of the various forms of nationalisation. This article contributes to both debates and argues that most of the literature on nationalisation suffers from a methodological nationalism bias – that is, the tendency of many scholars to choose the statewide level and national election as the natural unit of analysis. This claim is supported by a conceptual and empirical analysis regarding the effects of decentralisation on nationalisation. The conceptual analysis shows that the non‐robust findings of many studies concerning the effects of decentralisation on nationalisation can be related to the methodological nationalism bias. An effect of decentralisation is found once nationalisation is conceptualised with regard to its multilevel dimension and the measurements of nationalisation are differentiated according to parties, regions and type of elections (national or regional). An empirical analysis on the nationalisation of party systems, parties and regions in 18 countries for national and regional elections held between 1945 and 2009 shows that regional authority has a significant and robust effect on regions and regional elections but not on parties, party systems and national vote shares.     

法治缘何迈向方法论时代——基于法律方法论学术报告的考察（2002——2010）

通过对法律方法论学术报告的知识梳理与分析可以发现,法治实践面临着理论准备不足、缺乏细腻理论支撑的难题。法律方法论可以为法治实践所需要的细腻法治理论提供最低限度的质疑,进而提供理论验证,并且法律方法论本身作为一种细致、精良的思维技艺能够为未来的细腻法治提供智识支撑。同时,法律方法论应该站在面向法治、维护法治的立场上,努力建构自主性的法律方法论理论体系。     

我国当代工人阶级先进性特征及其表现研究--兼论工人阶级先进性研究的方法论原则

工人阶级先进性是与时代的前进同步的,每一个时代都会有与该时代相适应的内涵和表现形式.当代中国工人阶级正在发生结构性变化,增加了许多新成分,改变了工人阶级高度同质性特征及其传统形象.在新的历史时期,正确认识和把握工人阶级先进性,澄清在这个问题上的模糊认识,应以党的三代领导核心有关思想,尤其是"三个代表"重要思想为方法论,坚持实事求是、辩证分析、总体性以及与时俱进的原则.在新形势下,应当继续保持和发展工人阶级的先进性,这是增强党的阶级基础的内在要求,也是工人阶级完成所担负的历史使命的必然要求.     

Structural Equation Modeling of School Violence Data

SUMMARY

Methodological challenges associated with structural equation modeling (SEM) and structured means modeling (SMM) in research on school violence and related topics in the social and behavioral sciences are examined. Problems associated with multiyear implementations of large-scale surveys are discussed. Complex sample designs, part of any large-scale survey, introduce multiple methodological challenges into SEM analysis. Problems with missing data and data imputation procedures are explored, along with commonly occurring departures from normality. Hypothesis testing of models and associated fit indices are explicated. Issues surrounding the use of Lagrange Multiplier tests of constraint validity in SMM are examined. Finally, basic problems associated with developing viable models of complex social phenomena with SEM are considered.     

Methodological and Measurement Issues in School Violence Research

SUMMARY

School violence became a topic of broad national concern in the United States in reaction to a series of tragic school shootings during the 1990s. Efforts to understand and prevent school shootings have stimulated the rapid development of a broader interest in school safety with an emerging multidisciplinary research agenda. The maturation and fulfillment of this research agenda require that researchers critically examine their research methods and measurement strategies. This article introduces a volume that examines fundamental methodological and measurement issues in the rapidly expanding body of research on school safety and violence. The authors hope to stimulate greater attention to methodological pitfalls and critical measurement issues that hinder research progress in several related areas, including the uncertain reliability and validity of self-report surveys used to measure high-risk behavior and bullying, the limitations of discipline referral databases as a source of information on school climate, and the overly narrow focus on relatively infrequent critical incidents of violence, often at the expense of a more comprehensive and multifactorial examination of the school environment.     

印度传统行政文化的弊端及改革措施——兼论对中国特色行政文化构建的方法论启示

印度传统行政文化的弊端及改革措施可以为中国特色行政文化的构建提供方法论启示。为应对传统行政文化中无回应力、形式主义、脱离群众、腐败严重和地方主义等诸多弊端,印度政府采取了一系列改革措施,如制定公民宪章、建立社会审计制度、推广电子政务等。中国特色行政文化的构建要依据中国国情、政情,坚持实事求是、群众路线和宏大国际视野的原则,不断丰富中国特色行政文化的理论来源和制度根基,坚持人民主体地位的价值论原则。     

Beyond Guns,Drugs and Gangs

SUMMARY

The failure to consider factors that make a key contribution to violence and its prevention may create serious problems of construct validity for school violence surveys. Further, few studies have assessed the relative importance of variables contributing to perceptions of safety by examining correlations between survey items and overall feelings of school safety. This study describes the development of a self-report survey, the Safe and Responsive Schools Safe School Survey, explicitly designed to assess perceptions regarding criminal violation and serious violence as well as day-to-day disruption and climate issues. Principal components analysis identified four factors involving student connectedness, incivility, feelings of personal safety, and delinquency/major safety. Further multivariate analysis suggests that, in at least some cases, feelings about connectedness and climate may be more critical than serious violence in shaping student perceptions of school safety.