Defenders of Freedom or Perpetrators and Facilitators of Crimes? Beyond Progressive Retreatism in the Trump Era

ABSTRACT

Heavily influenced by broad definitions of crime developed by a few pioneering critical criminologists, the main objective of this article is to provide evidence showing that the current Trump administration is a regime that commits crimes of the powerful and facilitates some types of interpersonal violence in private places. Special attention is devoted to direct and in-direct state-perpetrated violent crimes against women.     

Why Women Don’t Win Literary Awards: The Saltire Society Literary Awards and Implicit Stereotyping

The purpose of this analysis is to consider the Saltire Society’s Book of the Year and First Book of the Year Awards in relation to wider issues pertaining to media representations of Scottish literary and publishing culture. Through a statistical analysis of the Society’s Book of the Year and First Book of the Year shortlists and winners between 1988 and 2014, this examination shows the extent to which the Society’s Literary Awards reflect, as opposed to subvert, historic and existing gender imbalances in Scottish literary and publishing culture. Indeed, despite critics arguing that there was a change in tide in the late 1980s and early 1990s regarding the balance in gender representation in Scottish literature, this analysis suggests that Scotland’s book award culture, and in turn, literary culture more widely, remains dominated by men. Perceptions of the apparent ‘balancing’ of the gender disparity in Scottish writing do not align with the statistics discussed here, a fact further evidence by misconceptions held by members of the Society’s own Literary Awards judging panels. Accordingly, this article contends that such inconsistencies lend credence to the argument that the Society’s judges have participated in implicit stereotyping based upon culturally pervasive stereotypes’ that Scottish women writers play a ‘minor’ role in Scottish literary and publishing culture.     

20世纪90年代以来的近代中国妇女史研究综述

20世纪90年代以来的近代中国妇女史研究取得了令人可喜的成果,成立了一批研究机构和学会,扩大了研究领域和范围,更新了研究视角和方法,发表、出版了可观的论著,从而促进了整个史学的发展。但就总体水平而言,高质量、高水准的成果并不多见,妇女史作为历史学科的一个分支学科,并未引起足够的重视,主要是资料的不足、分散,限制了近代中国妇女史研究的进一步拓展和深化。要真正确立妇女史的学科地位,尚需学术界的艰辛努力。     

Toward a Feminist State: What Does ‘Effective’ Prosecution of Domestic Violence Mean?

This article examines domestic violence criminal prosecutions and addresses what 'effective' prosecutorial action means in such cases. The argument elaborates on a point recently articulated by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, which links effective prosecution of violence against women to the creation of a less patriarchal society. The article concludes that 'effective' prosecution of domestic violence means prosecution which constitutes the State as less patriarchal ceteris paribus .     

Temporeras and Household Relations: Seasonal Employment in Chile's Agro-Export Sector

Abstract — This paper considers how the growth in non-traditional fruit and vegetable exports has affected female employment patterns and the consequences this may have for household and gender relations. Within export agriculture, there has emerged a demand for specifically female labour, providing rural women with employment opportunities that had not previously existed. The majority of the female workers have only seasonal work and this has led to their designation as temporeras. Through a variety of interview material drawn from the experiences of women living and working in Region IV and VI, the paper seeks to reveal the complexities involved in attempting to conceptualise women's involvement in this emergent labour market. The composition of the household and the level of household income are important factors in determining women's labour force participation. The case studies appear to show that in spite of the hard work and unprotected conditions, working as a temporera is a desirable employment for women. The paper argues that the sweeping changes in the agricultural sector, in which women had previously been marginalised as'unpaid family labour', have created opportunities for them to rework household relations.     

心理测验在党政领导人才选拔中的作用分析

本文客观地调查与分析了心理测验在党政领导干部选拔中的作用与局限,提出了在党政领导干部选拔过程中正确地评价心理测验的价值、正确地使用心理测验结果、提高党政领导人才选拔的有效性和管理工作的科学性的理论依据。     

党员领导干部要带头弘扬艰苦奋斗精神

当前,党内、社会上艰苦奋斗的状况都不容乐观,要在全社会真正形成“以艰苦奋斗为荣,以骄奢淫逸为耻”的良好风气,必须坚持党内先行,领导干部带头的原则。     

中国在消除对妇女的暴力方面所面临的新挑战--对女童和青年妇女以劳动剥削为目的的拐卖

人口拐卖是1995年第四次世界妇女大会以来国际社会所关注的重要的性别平等问题,是消除对妇女的暴力方面所面临的新挑战。人口盲目流动造成被拐卖的风险,以各种形式的劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的拐卖问题正在中国逐渐增多,女童和青年妇女的多重脆弱性,使她们成为以劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的的拐卖的最大的受害者。本文针对既往在人口拐卖问题上的政策空白和认识盲区,结合对女童和女青年的多重脆弱性的分析,提出综合性的防止以劳动剥削(包括性剥削)为目的的拐卖的政策建议。     

农村女教师:撑起中国农村基础教育的半边天

本文基于2004年“全国中小学教师队伍基础调研”课题组对广西、福建、湖北、江苏、吉林、甘肃六省(区)的问卷调查数据,对农村女教师状况进行了系统分析。结论认为,农村女教师已成为农村基础教育中最具活力、有巨大发展潜力的群体。但是,鉴于女教师发展存在的问题,建议继续重视为农村学校配备女教师的工作,特别是在边远贫困、女性专业人才缺乏的地区,可通过政策倾斜、专项经费支持等措施增加女教师的数量和比例;继续加强对农村女教师的在职培训,重视对达到任职标准的农村女教师的提职晋升工作,特别是要增加拥有高级职称的女教师比例;注重对女校长的培养与任命。     

宗教妇女观对妇女现代化的影响

宗教关于妇女的地位、权利和义务、婚姻、品行等问题,均有许多看法,具有二重性,既有尊重妇女、符合主流社会规范的观念,也有贬低妇女、妨碍妇女发展的思想。在现代社会,宗教的妇女观对妇女的现代化依然有较大的影响。宗教的妇女观对妇女现代化有许多有益的启示和借鉴,有助于妇女实现观念、行为、人格的现代化。