区域自主创新与投资支持探讨

区域自主创新离不开投资的支持,投资支持力度影响着区域自主创新的水平。为此,需要对区域自主创新的投资支持力度进行评价,进而了解投资支持存在的问题。我们以山东省为例对区域自主创新的投资支持力度进行了评价,认为目前区域自主创新的投资支持力度不足。为了加强对区域自主创新投资的支持,需要充分发挥财政创新投资的引导和示范作用,促进财政和企业创新投资的区域分布合理化;应转变观念,培育技术研发型对外直接投资主体,调整对外直接投资的区位,调整对外直接投资的领域;应提高创新型企业的技术吸收能力,提高高新技术产业利用外商直接投资的能力,促进外商直接投资的区域分布合理化等。     

民间票据贴现融资法律问题研究

目前社会信用薄弱，法律法规不健全，票据市场不完善，民间票据贴现所引发的一系列问题等等，说明当前结算性银行承兑汇票仍要继续坚守“真实贸易背景”要求，而且要及时修改完善相关立法使之更具操作性，但不能一刀切，同时要对融资性票据的发展积极创造有利条件。     

公共基础设施PPP融资模式问题探讨

PPP(Public-Private-Partnership)是一种新型的融资模式,本文着重分析了PPP融资模式的结构、特点、内涵和作用,PPP模式的目标及运作思路;国内外PPP融资案例;PPP模式的优势所在及其成功运作的必要条件;我国运用PPP模式融资应注意的事项;等等.     

信托投资——基础设施融资的新方式

我国国民经济和城市化的加速发展,对城市基础设施提出了更高的要求,传统的政府资金和银行贷款已远远不能满足基础设施建设的资金需求。信托投资基础设施作为一种新型的基础设施融资方式,有其发展的可行性,实践中可以采取贷款、股票、债券等运作模式。大力发展基础设施信托,还必须解决有关担保、法律等方面的问题。     

中小企业融资制度的缺陷分析及矫正点选择

股份制改造后,银行贷款逐渐成为中小企业发展规模、扩大投资的重要手段。在近年来的中小企业投资资金来源中,金融机构贷款占到了接近一半的比重。尽管如此,当前金融机构服务供给和中小企业服务需求之间的矛盾,仍导致了金融服务在数量上的不足和效率上的低下。因此必须对现有的制度缺陷进行改革,提高间接融资的效率,促进中小企业进一步发展。     

图们江区域经济合作中存在的问题及应采取的对策

图们江区域经济合作虽取得了一定的成绩,但在开发模式、基础设施、协调机制等方面还存在着诸多问题,因此必须加快基础设施建设,推进珲春的通道建设,解决融资瓶颈,开拓对俄经贸合作,从而促进该区域的加速发展。     

发展吉林省中小企业金融支持政策论

融资困难已经严重影响了吉林省中小企业的发展,成为困扰振兴吉林省经济的一大难题.为此,吉林省出台了一些相关的金融政策,取得了一些成效,但还存在严重不足.参考国内外发达地区支持中小企业的做法,建议加大对担保机构的支持力度、加快组建与中小企业发展相匹配的中小金融机构、从财政与税收上对中小企业的发展予以支持、合理规范和积极引导民间金融等完善金融政策支持体系.     

Unilateral CDM—can developing countries finance generation of greenhouse gas emission credits on their own?

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was originally seen as an instrument with a bi- or multilateral character where an entity or fund from an industrialised country invests in a project in a developing country. The sluggish implementation of incentives for industrialised country companies to embark on CDM projects and low carbon prices led to a preference for just buying Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) instead of investing in projects. Thus a third option has gained prominence—the unilateral option where the project development is planned and financed within the developing country. We propose that a project should be called “pure unilateral” if it involves no foreign direct investment (FDI), only has the approval of the Designated National Authority (DNA) of the host country and sells its CERs after certification directly to an industrialised country. Unilateral projects can become attractive if the host country risk premium for foreign investors is high despite a high human, institutional and infrastructural capacity and domestic capital availability. Moreover, transaction costs can be reduced compared to foreign investments that have to overcome bureaucratic hurdles. On the other hand, technology transfer is likely to be lower, capacity building has to be undertaken by the host country and all risks have to be carried by host country entities. The potential to carry out unilateral CDM projects strongly varies among host countries. Whereas several countries from Asia and Latin America can design and implement projects autonomously, most of the Sub-Saharan countries rely on foreign support. International donors of capacity building grants should increasingly address those countries that are not presently focused on by foreign investors and support them in the design of local projects.

Catastrophe risk

This paper examines the recent emergence of initiatives involving the reinsurance industry and the capital markets to develop mechanisms to finance the losses arising from catastrophic events. These initiatives are discussed from two perspectives. One perspective explores these financing mechanisms from the contention that catastrophic events are becoming increasingly non-insurable within contemporary risk society. In this regard the paper addresses issues relating to the coherence and sustainability of the risk networks underpinning efforts to maintain the insurability of catastrophic events. These catastrophe-financing initiatives are also discussed from a second, although related perspective. This refers to the very emergence of these different financing mechanisms. In this regard the moving potential of liberal government or the inventive mechanics driving the development of different ways to manage catastrophic risk become significant. The paper argues that the emergence of these different catastrophe-financing mechanisms is occurring at the intersection of concerns over the non-insurability of the catastrophic and the extremes of capitalist ingenuity, suggesting both perspectives might offer insights into some of the possible future trajectories of risk society.     

中小企业融资困境及对策研究

融资困难是目前制约中小企业发展的瓶颈因素。解决这一问题的主要对策应该是:创新要重点突破,不能急于普及;要与企业经营的专业化、产业结构升级紧密联系起来,加快法律配套,加强政府引导。