稳态条件下EDR车速的可信度分析

目的分析稳态条件(例如,无制动)下国内车辆EDR碰前车速的可信度,为EDR碰前车速的应用提供参考。方法在国外研究结论的基础上,选取国内1起既有EDR数据又有监控视频的实际案例,利用监控视频计算所得车速为参考值,分析事故车辆稳态行驶时EDR车速的可信度,并结合EDR车速的来源对其进一步分析。结果根据国外文献研究结果可知,车辆稳态行驶时EDR车速的相对误差在±4%以内。通过国内1起实例的分析,显示稳态行驶车速为120 km/h,EDR记录的碰前车速相对误差为3.886%。结论结合EDR车速来源的分析表明,稳态条件下,国内车辆EDR记录的碰前车速同样具有很好的可信度,可有效应用到相关的车速重建中。     

How Measurement Error in Content Analysis and Self-Reported Media Use Leads to Minimal Media Effect Findings in Linkage Analyses: A Simulation Study

In the debate on minimal media effects and their causes, methodological concerns about measurement are rarely discussed. We argue that even in state-of-the-art media-effects studies that combine measures of media messages and media use (i.e., linkage analyses), measurement error in both the media content analysis and the media use self-reports will typically lead to severely downward-biased effect estimates. We demonstrate this phenomenon using a large Monte Carlo simulation with varying parameters of the content analysis and the survey study. Results show that measurement error in the content analysis and media use variables does indeed lead to smaller effect estimates, especially when the media messages of interest are relatively rare. We discuss these findings as well as possible remedies and implications for future research.     

基于Linux平台计算机基础教学的探讨

Linux作为优秀的操作系统,在桌面应用、网络服务、嵌入式等领域有着极为广泛的应用,那么如何让学生了解并掌握Linux操作系统呢?本文通过介绍Linux系统的特性,分析了基于Linux平台的计算机基础教学的必要性与可行性,并指出进行基于Linux平台的计算机基础教学的内容与教学方法的选择。     

基于未确知数理论的教学质量评价方法

文章基于教学评价信息不确定性的特点,提出了教学质量评价的未确知数学模型,该模型不仅能得到以区间形式表示的评价结果,也能获得各可能值区间对应的主观可信度,这为教学质量以及其他问题的评价提供了较为合理的方法。实例分析表明,未确知数理论应用于教学质量评价上,在理论上是可行的,评价结果也令人满意。     

Reliability of Sexually Violent Predator Civil Commitment Criteria in Florida

The present study investigated the reliability of Sexually Violent Predator (SVP) civil commitment criteria under Florida's Jimmy Ryce Act. The purpose of the study was to determine if, independently, 2 evaluators would reach the same conclusions about the same client (n = 295). According to civil commitment criteria outlined by the United States Supreme Court (Kansas v. Hendricks, 1997), SVPs must display a mental abnormality predisposing them to sexual violence and a likelihood of future sexual violence. The interrater reliability of 8 DSM-IV diagnoses applied by evaluators to determine whether a client has a "mental abnormality that predisposes him to sexual violence" was found to be poor to fair (kappa = .23 to . 70). The interrater reliability of risk assessment instruments used to determine "likelihood of reoffense" was good (ICC = .77 to .85). The recommendations made by evaluators regarding whether or not to refer a client for civil commitment demonstrated poor reliability (kappa = .54). Implications for practice and policy are explored.     

保障会计信息真实性的法律思考

市场经济对会计信息具有依赖性。而原始凭证的质量严重制约着会计信息的真实性。本文认为经济业务的职能部门作为原始凭证的提供者,他们也应对会计信息的真实性承担责任,为此应当完善原始凭证的法律制度。     

事件相关电位与多道心理测谎的比较分析

事件相关电位测谎技术(简称ERP)作为近年来兴起的心理测试方式与传统的多道心理测试技术相比有很大的不同:在基本原理方面,事件相关电位测谎是根据被试对相关刺激的脑电反应来判别他与所调查事件的关系,而多道心理测试技术则是根据被试对相关刺激的呼吸和血压的变化来进行评判;在测试内容和程序方面表现为行为样本、评分标准和测试结论上的差异;在效度、信度方面,多道心理测试技术具有优于事件相关电位测谎的信度和效度研究成果。     

Test–Retest Reliability of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)

The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) are widely used to measure intimate partner aggression. Various aspects of the CTS2 and its subscales have been examined, e.g. factor structure, internal consistency, and validity, but little or no evidence exists regarding the stability of the self-report of aggression on the CTS2 This study examines the stability of reports of aggression against a partner on the CTS2 among 82 men court-mandated to a batterer intervention program. At both testing times men reported on aggression occurring in the year prior to beginning treatment. Using variety scores, stability of report was strong for psychological aggression (r = 0.69), physical assault (r = 0.76), injury (r = 0.70), and negotiation (r = 0.60), but weaker for sexual coercion (r = 0.30). Implications for the use of the CTS2 in court-mandated populations are discussed.

关于社会科学中量化研究的深层思考

在量化研究中,研究者通常从特定的研究假设出发,通过对抽象概念的操作化定义确定变量,并运用问卷、量表、结构式访谈与观察等方法收集资料,然后进行统计分析来检验研究假设。本文旨在探讨量化研究的本体论前提,并从认识论和方法论视角分析量化研究中的可靠性和有效性问题。