行政诉讼确认无效判决三题

《若干解释》第 57条第 2款确立的行政诉讼确认无效判决制度在以下方面值得讨论 :第一 ,确认对象。确认无效判决须以业已成立的行政行为为对象 ,确认行政行为依法不成立在一定程度上是自相矛盾的 ;第二 ,与判决撤销的关系。一般应当作模糊处理 ,只有当原告要求宣告无效或者在常规诉讼时限之外起诉时 ,法院才有必要严格区分“无效”与“可撤销” ;第三 ,举证责任。“无效”的举证责任 ,应当由原告承担。

Establishment of Principle of Examining Rationality in Administrative Litigation in China

The system of court's affirmation judgment holding agency action void established in the Article 57, section Ⅱ of the judicial interpretation on administrative litigation law is worth being discussed in the following aspects. First, object to be affirmed. The judgment should point to the complete administrative act. Second, the relations between affirmation judgment holding agency action void and the annulment judgment. Only when the plaintiff request the court to do so or the accusation is beyond the time limit, the court has the duty to distinguish between “void" and “annullable". Third, the burden of proof. The plaintiff shall have the burden of proof in the “void" judgment.