城市如何创新:概念特征、动力机制与发展方向

城市创新是解决城市经济增长、环境可持续发展、城市安全等问题的关键手段,也是全球城市转型和政府革新的动力源泉。通过研究"创新"与"城市"的概念以及二者之间相互促进的关系,可以界定城市创新的概念及其具有的五个特征:内容的新颖性、行动主体的多样性、场域的公共性、创新范围的复合性、结果的不确定性。继而对"城市创新何以产生"方面,分析了环境要素驱动、行动者驱动、需求-供给驱动的三重驱动逻辑,利用结构功能主义、组织行为学、市场均衡理论三重视角对城市创新的动力机制进行归纳。未来城市创新的研究要更注重城市创新研究的系统性、精细化,对不同城市创新类型的比较研究、城市创新驱动机制的深层次揭示、城市创新效果评估等议题需要给予更多的关注。

How Urban Innovation Occurs:Concept,Dynamic Mechanism and Development Direction

Urban innovation is the key means to solve the problems of urban economic growth,environment-sustainable development and urban safety,and it is also the source of global urban transformation and government innovation.By studying the concepts of"innovation"and"city"and the relationship between them,we can define the concept of urban innovation and its five characteristics:the novelty of content,the diversity of actors,the publicity of field,the complexity of innovation scope and the uncertainty of results.Then it analyzes the three driving logic of"how urban innovation comes into being",which are environment factor driven,actor driven and demand supply driven,and summarizes the dynamic mechanism of urban innovation from the perspective of structural functionalism,organizational behavior and market equilibrium theory.The future research of urban innovation should pay more attention to the systematic and refinement of urban innovation research,and concentrate more attention to the comparative research of different types of urban innovation,the in-depth revelation of urban innovation driving mechanism,and the evaluation of urban innovation effect.