论刑事和解视野中的犯罪客体价值——对误入歧途的刑事和解制度的批判

在目前国内有关刑事和解的理论研究和实务操作中,均存在着过度抬高被害人地位的问题,似乎只要被害人谅解犯罪嫌疑人,案件就可以无条件地适用刑事和解。而从本质上讲,犯罪嫌疑人和被害人之间的和解协议能否得到司法机关的认可并导致量刑上的从宽处理,既取决于被害人有无刑事实体处分权,也受到犯罪嫌疑人的人身危险性等因素的制约。因此,被害人的谅解并不是刑事和解的核心要素,应当重视犯罪客体在刑事和解中的价值,它决定着被害人刑事实体处分权的有无与刑事和解的适用范围。

The Values of the Object of the Crime in Criminal Settlement:A Criticism on the Misled Criminal Settlement Institution

Both in theoretical researches and practical operations in China,one can readily find that the status of the victim in criminal settlement is over-elevated.It seems that where the injured excuse the suspect,criminal settlement can unconditionally apple to the case.In essence,however,whether the settlement arrangement between the suspect and the injured can obtain leave from the court and consequently results in sentence leniency depends on whether the victim has substantive criminal disposition power,and is also restrained by elements such as the victim's personal danger.In anther word,the victim's pardon is by no means the key factor in criminal settlement,while the values of the object of the crime in the criminal settlement should be paid heed to.It is the object of the crime that determines the substantive criminal disposition power of the victim and the extent to which the criminal settlement applies.