受刑人劳动成果归属问题研究

对受刑人的劳动成果权归属理论界一直存在着争论,目前有关受刑人劳动成果的归属的立法,在国外主要有两种立法模式,一种是以日本为代表的一元化的立法方式,即全部收归国有,另一种是意大利、美国等国家,采用多元化的立法方式,受刑人的劳动成果按照一定的比例,在与受刑人有利害关系的人之间进行分配。我国对受刑人劳动成果的态度,与日本的制度相类似。以著作权为例分析得出国家或者监狱管理部门不可能成为权利主体,说明受刑人的劳动成果权收归国有与法学理论相违背,实践中也不好操作。我们可以借鉴意大利的做法,即受刑人的劳动成果应当尽可能地清偿刑事被害人。采用受刑人劳动成果多元化的归属原则,按照一定的顺序处理受刑人的劳动成果。使受刑人劳动成果的归属更加合理化,以促进社会的和谐发展。

Research on Attribution of Labor Results for Criminals

There is a debate on attribution of labor results right for criminals in theory fields,and there are two main Legislation modes in foreign countries about attribution of labor results for criminals,one is Singularity Legislation pattern,That is,all nationalized,which represents for Japan.The other kind pattern is diversification,labor results for criminals attribute by interested persons related with criminals according for a certain proportion,which represent for Italian and America.China's attitude to criminals' labor results system is similar to Japan.To copyright as an example of that country or the prison administration is not possible as the main right that the criminals the right to the fruits of labor nationalized and run counter to legal theory,the practice of not operating properly.We can learn from the Italian approach that results of the inmates of the workforce should be as much as possible liquidation of criminal victims.Results of the inmates used a wide range of labor attribution principle,in accordance with the order,deal with the inmates of the workforce results,So that the inmates work attribution will be more resonable,to promote the harmonious development of society.