互联网平台涉用户数据不正当竞争的中国典型司法实践分析

涉用户数据在互联网平台间流动的正当性边界,已经成为当前中国司法领域的重要课题之一,并在司法实践中呈现出差异化的特征.在对中国关于数据的法律规定以及基于用户公开发布的内容数据、基于用户个人信息数据、基于用户数据加工而成的衍生数据这三类涉用户数据平台间不正当竞争典型案例分析的基础上,可以发现,针对在先平台受《反不正当竞争法》保护的权益范围边界,尚未有明确的司法规则定论,仍需结合个案因素进行利益平衡.具体应区分考虑数据公开或非公开的状态、数据原始或衍生的属性,且对在先平台合法权益的边界判定时需要综合考虑在先平台的投入程度与回报、在后平台使用数据的数量、在先平台被实质替代的程度等因素,从而在互联网数据合理流通与合理保护中实现平衡与双赢.

Analysis of China's Typical Judicial Practices for Unfair Competition of Internet Platforms for User-related Data

The judgment on the legitimacy border of the flow of user-related data across internet platforms has be-come one of the important issues in the Chinese judicial field,with a characteristic of differentiation in judicial practices.By exploring the current Chinese rules and regulations about data,and the typical cases of unfair com-petition,the author proposes that there is no clear judicial rule on the boundary of the protection of prior plat-forms' rights and interests from the Law Against Unfair Competition,and that a balance of benefits still needs to be attained case by case.Specifically,it is necessary to distinguish between the public or non-public status of da-ta,and the original or derivative property of data.At the same time,such factors should be fully considered such as the investment and return of the prior platform,the amount of data used by the latter platform,and the extent to which the prior platform has been substantively substituted.Therefore,we can achieve a balance and a win-win situation between the data flow and the data protection in the internet.