试论文化研究的基本思路

文化研究的基本思路大致可以这样概括 :1 文化首先是一个特定群体共同拥有的意义系统 ,它最基本的功能就是确立和强化一个特定群体 ;文化发展的途径是通过个体与群体的冲突 ,生成新的符号系统 ,乃至生成新的内在法则。 2 文化是一个开放的能量交换系统 ,它服从于热力学第一定律和热力学第二定律 ;任何文化现象都是直接或间接地根据这两个定律服务于能量的转换 ;心理能量是能量摄取和转换水平的关键 ,但是心理能量的开发不是技术性的 ,而是象征性的。 3 人文科学的非线性特征 ,要求田野工作应该是一个多学科专家共同参与进行的系统工程

Basic Thoughts Underlying Cultural Studies

Cultural studies usually follow the following lines of thoughts: 1. Culture in the first place is a system of meanings shared by a given population, with its function being to establish and reinforce the identity of that population. Culture develops in a way in which individuals and population conflict and interact with each other to create new systems of symbols and new norms of social behavior. 2. Culture is an open energy exchange system, and as such it obeys the first and second laws of thermal mechanics. Any cultural phenomenon is a direct or indirect exchange of energy following these laws. Psychic energy is what determines the intake and level of exchange of energy, but the development of psychic energy cannot be done technically but only symbolically. 3. The non-lineal features of cultural studies give rise to the need for field studies to be conducted as a systematic engineering project which involves the participation of specialists from many fields.