对“什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义”问题的创造性解决——纪念邓小平“南方谈话”发表20周年

什么是社会主义和怎样建设社会主义是长期困扰社会主义国家执政党的问题。邓小平尤其是他的“南方谈话”从理论上解决了这个问题。“南方谈话”把解放生产力、发展生产力列入“社会主义的本质”之中，把三个“有利于”的原则作为改革开放是姓“资”还是姓“社”的“判断的标准”，强调始终坚持“社会主义初级阶段基本路线”，从而创造性地解决了什么是社会主义问题。它解决怎样建设社会主义问题的创新之处是把社会主义基本制度和具体体制明确地区分开来，把资本主义也区分为制度层面和发展生产力的方法的层面，使市场经济为社会主义所用。

A Creative Solution to the Problem of "What is Socialism and How Is it to Be Built"

What socialism is and how it is to be built is a long-term problem that disturbed the ruling parties in socialist states.Deng Xiaoping,especially with his "Southern Tour Talks",solved the problem theoretically.The "Southern Tour Talks" lists emancipating and developing productive forces in the "essence of socialism," takes the principle of three "favorables" as "the criterion" to judge whether the reform and opening-up is capitalist or socialist,stresses to always adhere to the "basic line for the primary stage of socialism," and therefore creatively solved the problem of what is socialism.Its innovation in solving the problem of how to build socialism is to clearly separate basic system and specific structures of socialism,to separate the system level of capitalism from its methods in developing productive forces,and therefore employs market economy for socialism.