存款保險新機制下的銀行監管權

2013年9月11日,國務院總理李克強在回答世界經濟論壇主席施瓦布關於中國金融體制改革的問題時表示,中國將完善金融監管體系,增強金融監管機構的協調性,並且擇機推出存款保險制度。存款保險制度能夠強化對商業銀行的風險約束機制,從而有效地保護存款人利益,穩定金融秩序,因而很早就受到重視。早在1993年,我國已在《國務院關於金融體制改革的決定》中提出,要建立存款保險基金。此後,我國的立法者和專家學者都對此進行了大量研究。截至2013年6月底,我國人民幣存款餘額已逾百萬億。隨著存款的不斷增長,建設顯性的存款保險機制以防範銀行金融風險顯得尤為重要和迫切,醞釀已久的建立存款保險制度一事再度被提上日程。今年6、7月間,中國人民銀行接連表示,將積極研究制定《存款保險條例》,推進存款保險制度建設。本期特選取朱大旗教授、李慈強博士有關存款保險立法的文章,借鑒國外的成熟經驗,結合我國的具體實踐,探討中國國情下存款保險制度設計的路徑。

Banking Regulation Powers under the New Deposit Insurance Mechanism

Editor＇s Note： On September 11, 2013, while answering Chairman of the World Economic Forum Schwab＇s question on China＇s financial system reform, Premier of the State Council Li Keqiang said China would improve the financial regulatory system, enhance coordination among financial regulatory bodies, and launch the deposit insurance system at an opportune time. The deposit insurance system can strengthen commercial banks＇ risk restraint mechanism so as to effectively protect depositors＇ interests and stabilize financial order; therefore, attention was paid to it a long time ago. In 1993, China proposed establishing a deposit insurance fund in Decision of the State Council on Reform of the Financial System. Later, China＇s legislators, experts and scholars carried out a lot of research. As of the end of June 2013, the deposit balance of RMB was above 100 trillion yuan. With the continuous deposit growth, building an explicit deposit insurance mechanism to guard against banks＇ financial risks became very important and urgent, and the long-planned issue of establishing the deposit insurance system was put on the agenda again. In June and July this year, the People＇s Bank of China said repeatedly that it would actively study the formulation of Regulations on Deposit Insurance and push forward the building of the deposit insurance system. An article about deposit insurance legislation by Professor Zhu Daqi and Doctor Li Ciqiang has been chosen for this issue to draw on mature foreign experience and discuss the path of designing the deposit insurance system under China＇s national conditions in combination with China＇s specific practice.