论宪法上的生命权

宪法上的生命权与民法上的生命权的性质不同,民法上的生命权属于私权利,只能对抗私人主体对生命权的侵害;而宪法上的生命权属于公权利,可以对抗国家权力对生命权的侵害。生命权的私法保护具有很大的局限性,我们应当将生命权入宪,建立生命权的宪法保障机制。在现代社会,宪法上生命权的功能已由消极的防御发展到要求国家积极的保护,但并没有否定传统的防御功能。生命权的宪法保障不仅仅在于生命权的入宪,关键在于生命权的司宪,建立司法化的违宪审查制度。

On the Right to Life in the Constitution

The character of the right to life in constitution is different from the right to life in the civil law.The later is a private right,only defend the infringement of the private,but the former is a public right, can defend the infringement of the public power.The protection of the private law to the right to life has many limitations.We should provide the right to life in our constitution,build the constitutional protect mechanism of the right to life.Today,the function of the right to life in the constitution have developed to claim country protect positively,but not deny the defend function.The constitutional protection of the right to life is not only that the right to life being provided in our constitution,its key is judicial application of the right to life.