诚实信用原则与法治的契合--作为宪法原则的诚实信用

原本作为人类的基本道德规范的诚实信用,早已不再仅仅局限于是一种道德,而且是一种法律,是一种具有明显道德基础和特征的法律规范。在法治社会,这一具有道德基础和特征的法律规范其适用范围在不断地扩张,不仅适用于具体而平等的个体之间,是私法上的规范和原则,而且被适用于国家和公民之间,成为了公法上的一项规范和原则。宪法,作为一国调整国家权力和公民权利关系的根本法,作为典型的控制国家权力、保护公民权利的公法,理应规定或体现诚实信用原则,促进和保证国家权力的诚实信用,最终更好地保护公民的权利;从宪法是公民与国家之间的一种契约角度讲,由于契约的本质及对诚实信用的依赖,也说明了诚实信用原则应该成为宪法层面上的一个原则。

On Correspondence between the Principle of Faithfulness and Credit and the Rule of Law--Faithfulness and credit as the principle of constitution

The principle of faithfulness and credit is not only the norm of morality but also of law. That is to say, it is a norm of law based on morality and has distinct moral feature. It is action criteria for equal persons, so it is used to be looked upon a essential principle of private law. But in the legal society, with the change of relationship of people and state, and improvement of people's status, faithfulness and credit become a necessary principle of public law. Constitution is a typical one of public law, so it should prescribe the principle of faithfulness and credit, or embody it in clauses. Its purpose is to impel and ensure the powers to be faithful and credit, and protect the rights in the end. From the other aspect, constitution is some contract of people and state. It is the essence of contract and its dependence on faithfulness and credit, which decides the principle of faithfulness and credit should be a principle of constitution.