行政诉讼中证明标准的重构

证明标准是由法律加以规定的,指证明主体对案件事实及其他待证事实的证明所应达到的程度,是一个与自由心证密切联系的范畴。它不仅是衡量当事人是否切实履行证明责任的最低标准,同时也是法官根据既有的证据认定案件事实的心证标准,是一个具有主客观双重性的法学概念。本文以证明标准概念作为逻辑起点,从比较法的视角审视两大法系行政诉讼证明标准的特点以获取关于建构我国行政诉讼证明标准的有益启示。最后在分析我国现阶段行政诉讼证明标准所存在的问题的前提下,结合我国行政诉讼的特征,提出在法定证明基础上的自由心证证明模式下,建立多元化的行政诉讼证明标准体系。

Reconstruction of the Proof Standard in Administrative Litigation

Proof standard is a legal concept which refers to the achieved degree of the proving to the case facts and other main body to be proves subject.It’s also a category that closes to principle of discretional evidence.It is not only a minimum standards to measure whether the parties implement the burden of proof or not,but also a standards of discretional evidence for the judge to determine the case facts according to the existing evidence.All in all,it’s a jurisprudence concept which has double attributes of subjective and objective.This paper takes the concept of the proof standard as a logical starting point,gazes at the characteristics of the proof standard in the two legal systems of the world from the perspective of comparative,gains the beneficial enlightenment to construct the proof standard in administrative litigation of China,finally puts forward the establishing of multiplication system of the proof standard in administrative litigation.Finally in the premise of analyzing the current proof standard in administrative litigation and the existing problems,and in combination with characteristics of administrative litigation,this paper will put forward on the basis of legal proof free proof mode.