处分原则之理论依据新论

德国、日本及我国台湾地区学者一般认为处分原则的依据是私法自治原则。而我国大陆诉讼法学界对于处分原则理论依据的阐释从上世纪80年代初到现在则经历了一个微妙的变化过程,逐渐从社会主义民主原则以及"国家干预私法"的理论演变为民事权利的可处分性,并趋向回归到私法自治原则。但实际上从法学的多维视角观察,处分原则的依据绝不仅限于私法自治原则。法理法学上的权利主体理论、自然法观念与自由主义思想,宪法学上的宪政原理、法治国家与人权保障理论,民事实体法上的公私法划分与契约自由理论以及民事程序法自身的诉讼目的、诉讼价值以及程序主体性理论等均为确立处分原则的理论依据。

A New Approach to the Theoretical Basis for the Disposition Principle

Scholars in Germany, Japan and Taiwan Area of China generally believe that the disposition principle is based on the principle of private autonomy. While the theoretical basis for the disposition principle interpreted by scholars on procedural laws in Mainland China has undergone a subtle developing process since the 1980s, changing from the principle of socialist democracy and theory on ＂state intervention in private law＂ to the disposable nature of the civil fights, and gradually returning to the principle of private autonomy. But from a multi - perspective of law, the theoretical basis for the principle of disposition should not be limited to the principle of private autonomy. Rather, its theoretical basis should also depend on other sources such as the jurisprudential theories on subjects of rights, conception of natural law and liberalism; ideas of constitutional- ism, the rule of law and protection of human rights in constitutional law ; theories on division of public and pri- vate laws and freedom of contract in civil substantive laws; and ideas of procedural purpose, value and subjec- tivity in civil procedural laws.