论非物质文化遗产的私权保护

对非物质文化遗产,有必要在公权保护之外予以私权保护,私权保护有助于非物质文化遗产的保存、保护与弘扬。在具体权利的构建上,应重视精神权利的保护,非物质文化遗产所有人在文化遗产中所蕴含的人格利益需要得到尊重,享有以适当的方式表明非物质文化遗产来源的权利以及保护非物质文化遗产不被不适当使用和贬损性使用的权利;经济权利不宜过分强调,经济权利的授予与权利行使以惠益分享为原则,还应基于利益平衡原则予以一定的限制。

On the Private Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage

It is necessary to offer protection in the field of private law besides in the field of public law, for which the private law is help to preserve, protect and promote the intangible cultural heritage. When we design specific right system on the protection of intangible cultural heritage, we should emphasize the protection of moral right, which means the owners of intangible cultural heritage should be respected for their personality interests included in the intangible cultural heritage, and they have right to express the origin of the intangible cultural heritage with proper means, and they also can protect their intangible cultural heritage from being inadequate and derogatory use. It is unwise to emphasize the protection of economic rights excessively, because the authorization and use of economic rights should be based on the principle of participation of interests, and also should be limited for the principle of balance of interests.