俄国农民难以融入城市社会生活的原因探究——以19世纪末至20世纪初的莫斯科为例

19世纪下半叶,莫斯科步入了新的发展阶段,城市经济迅速发展,各种就业机会增加,每年约有10万外来人口涌入,主要是其腹地的农民。受城市经济发展的不稳定性及制度性制约因素和农民自身传统观念的影响,大多数农民与家乡保持着密切联系。农民与其家乡的密切联系使得他们并没有真正融入城市社会生活。此外,大部分人在来莫斯科以前并没有去过其他任何类型的城市,而且其教育水平和职业技能水平也很低。显然,要使这类农民融入城市社会生活并非易事。

The Analysis of the Reason Why Russian Farmers Are Difficult to Make Themselves into the Urban Social Life-Taking the Case of Moscow during the Late of 19th Century to the Early of 20th Century

In the second half of the 19th century, Moscow stepped into a new stage of development the rapid development of urban economy, all kinds of job opportunities so that each year 100 000 floating population swarmed in, most of who were the farmers from the hinterland. Influenced by the instability of the city＇s economic development, the institutional factors and farmers＇own traditional ideas, most farmers stayed close connected with the hometown. The close connection between farmers and their hometown made them not really integrated into the urban social life. In addition, the majority of people hadn＇t been to any other type of cities, and the education level and professional skill level were low. Obviously, it is not easy to make this kind of farmers into the urban social life.