法律文化交往与文化主体意识

整个人类社会发展史其实是一个人类交往史。在所有人类交往活动中,法律文化的交往占有极重要的地位。清末百余年来中国法律的发展与进步,为人类社会法律文化交往提供了一个颇具说明意义的典型示范。但是,在中国法学界,许多问题的认识和讨论长期处于无意识的无我状态,即文化主体意识缺失的状态。这在很大程度上导致了近现代中国法学或中国法学家们,至今尚未能完全自觉地作为一个文化交往主体进入人类法律文化交往。世界法律发展史上,不同法律文化的交往不外乎通过借鉴、继受、移植、整合和融合等五种形态得以实现。这种法律文化交往的实质是实然与应然、地方性与普遍性的关联与转换,是一个地方性向普遍性发展、普遍性由地方性构成的互动过程。在此过程中,没有文化主体意识,就难有文化主体地位,就难以正确认识和解释法律文化交往的各种形态及其一般规律,于是也难以自觉主动地参与文化交往活动。其结果,必然是更难正确认识和把握自身法律制度的建设与发展。     

北京市海淀区餐饮服务活动行政处罚案176例分析

通过分析餐饮服务行政处罚案例,找出《食品安全法》颁布后餐饮服务经营活动中发生的违法问题,为提高行政机关执法能力提供依据。本文分别从违法主体的类别、行政处罚种类、违法行为案由三方面对北京市海淀区卫生局卫生监督所2009年6月至2010年10月期间餐饮服务活动行政处罚案卷进行结构化统计分析,共有处罚案件176起。统计结果显示,未经许可从事食品经营活动,生产经营超过保质期限的食品和食品、食品添加剂标签不符合要求三类违法行为是餐饮服务活动执法中发现的主要违法问题,占总数的70％。罚种以罚款最多,没收违法所得最少。本文建议,完善餐饮服务活动的法律法规和国家食品安全标准,加强《食品安全法》及配套法规的法制宣传,建立健全没收物品处置等工作程序,对无证经营违法行为加强综合整治力度。     

可持续发展的伦理责任探究

可持续发展既是一种发展观,更是一种责任观。这种责任观是建立在发展伦理框架下的向"善"理念和"绝对命令"。推进和谐式的现代化发展,必然强调持一种负责任的态度,关切良好的生态发展,要求合理的科技发展,构建"节制"型发展模式,谋取面向当下幸福生活与未来永续持存的发展态势。可持续发展是关切民生的责任观,是建设负责任的大国、负责任的政府、负责任的企业以及培养负责任的公民的必然进路。     

完善我国反倾销法中公共利益条款和反规避条款的对策建议

当前反倾销中的“公共利益”和“反规避”问题已成为国际反倾销法领域的重要组成部分,文章主要结合欧美等国的反倾销法律以及WTO《反倾销协议》中的相关规定,指出了我国现行反倾销法中公共利益条款与反规避条款存在的不足之处,并提出了相应的完善建议。     

Reconciling Individual and Aggregate Evidence Concerning Partisan Stability: Applying Time-Series Models to Panel Survey Data

Party identification has been studied extensively using bothindividual- and aggregate-level data. This paper attempts toformulate a statistical model that can account for the rangeof empirical generalizations that have emerged from aggregatetime series and panel surveys. Using Monte Carlo simulation,we show that only certain types of data generation processescan account for these empirical regularities. Deciding whichof the remaining types best explains the data means investigatingthe ways in which individual-level partisanship behaves overtime. Partisanship at the aggregate level tends to be highlyautocorrelated, reequilibrating slowly in the wake of each perturbation.Working downward from the analysis of aggregate data, previousresearchers argued that aggregate partisanship is fractionallyintegrated and contended that dynamics at the individual levelare therefore heterogeneous. Using data from three panel surveys,we present the first direct assessment of individual-level dynamics.We also investigate the hypothesis that these dynamics varyamong individuals, a claim that motivates much recent work onfractionally integrated time series. The model that best explainsthe observed characteristics of party identification is onein which individuals respond in similar ways to external shocks,reequilibrate rapidly thereafter, and seldom change their equilibriumlevel of partisan attachment.     

法治与德治并举治标与治本结合

在中国历史上,法史前是以“德治教化”维持社会秩序的,法律产生后则是依法治理国家的。德治御心,培养人们的德性,防止其思想上不道德邪念的产生;法治防行,要求人们遵纪守法,惩治违法犯罪行为,使不再犯。法治与德治并举,治标与治本相结合,法治御行,德治御心;御行治标,御心治本,标本兼治,是为上策。     

西方领导研究百年回顾与展望

本文回顾了在西方领导研究的百年历史中涌现出的影响深远的重要理论成果,然后在此基础上概括出领导研究的范式及理论框架,提出了领导学研究中存在的重要问题,并展望了其未来的发展方向.     

Latent Fingerprint Development on Thermal Paper Using Traditional Ninhydrin and 1,2‐indanedione

Thermal paper poses a significant challenge to latent print development as it tends to change color when traditional fingerprint development formulations are applied to it. In this study, the optimal components of ninhydrin, 1,2‐indanedione, 1,8‐diazafluoren‐9‐one (DFO), and 5‐methylthioninhydrin (5‐MTN) for yielding clear fingerprints on thermal paper were determined by systematically adjusting the relative amounts of the reagents, polar solvents, and the nonpolar diluent petroleum ether, followed by validation on text‐printed thermal paper. Specifically, 3.0% ethyl acetate as the polar solvent in petroleum ether was found to be the optimal combination; the optimal dilution ratios of ninhydrin, DFO, and 5‐MTN original solutions with petroleum ether were 1 to 2, 11, and 7, respectively. The optimal concentration of 1,2‐indanedione in petroleum ether was 0.125 g/L, with a string of 0.5% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether.     

EU perceptions through the FTA lens: main results of interviews among the Korean “elites”

The Korea–EU relations have undergone a substantive change during the last two decades. The bilateral Framework Agreement, which was first signed in 1996 and updated in 2009, has upgraded the bilateral relationship to a considerable extent. The common membership of Korea and the EU to the Asia–Europe Meeting (ASEM) has also expanded and deepened the channels of official contacts between the two parties. Among these factors, the Korea–EU FTA Agreement, which was initialed in October 2009, appears to have the potential to affect the relationship most strongly. The results of elites’ interviews conducted during September 2009–April 2010 largely verifies this in a number of interesting aspects. Especially, most of the Korean elites perceive the Korea–EU FTA as an opportunity to maximize the effects arising from “the expanded markets”, “reduced market risks” and “harmonized European business practices leading to reduced transactions costs”. This also has had substantially positive impact on their perception of the EU’s importance to Korea.