Journal of Youth and Adolescence - In the original publication, the legends for Figs 4 and 5 were incorrect, such that each regression line was mislabeled with the incorrect country. Below are the... 相似文献
Research on the health benefits and consequences of close relationships has suggested the linkage in daily emotions (i.e., coregulation) between close partners is an important relationship dynamic. While the coupling of daily emotions among family members (parent–child and marital dyads) has been widely documented, research examining emotional coregulation among ethnic minority youth during adolescence, a period marked by heightened emotion and risk for psychopathology, remains an important area in need of exploration. This study examined correlates of emotional coregulation in a sample of Mexican-origin adolescents (Mage?=?15.02, SD?=?.83) and their parents (Mage?=?41.93, SD?=?6.70). Dyads reported on daily levels of distress and happiness for 14 consecutive days across two waves of data collection a year apart (nwave1?=?428 dyads, nwave2?=?336 dyads). Dyads who reported getting along were more likely to coregulate their daily happiness. Importantly, coregulation of distress was only present in older adolescents who reported above average levels of internalizing symptoms. The results suggest coregulation of distress may shape or be shaped by poor mental health during the later years of adolescence, a time when youth may be establishing a degree of emotional autonomy from parents.
Across industrialized nations, children and teens are a highly prized target for the advertising industry because young people have a tremendous influence on family purchases; however, media scholars have long suggested that young people are a fundamentally vulnerable audience because they lack the necessary developmental competencies to adequately process and protect themselves from advertising communications. Yet, the precise developmental mechanisms have not been clearly articulated nor is there a clear understanding of how these competencies extend across childhood contexts (e.g., developmental phase, cultures). The current study seeks to lend clarity to this matter by looking at the potential influence that children’s executive function and emotion regulation have on the relationship between television exposure (as a proxy of exposure to advertising messages and other consumption-oriented media content) and consumer behavior across a broad range of ages from two wealthy industrialized countries. Mothers of young elementary school children (5–8 years) and early adolescents (9–12 years) in the Netherlands (N?=?333, 51.7% female child) and the United States of America (N?=?810, 49.6% female child) took part in an online survey to report on their child’s cognitive/affective development, media use, and consumer behavior (i.e., purchase requests, purchase related conflict). The results showed that across ages, executive function via attentional shifting moderated the link between purchase requests and purchase conflict, whereas positively valenced emotion regulation moderated the same relationship but only for older children. Lastly, the findings revealed that while there are differences in reported behavior among children in these two countries, the developmental processes tend to work in the same manner. The discussion focuses on what these findings mean for children’s consumer development as they approach adolescence and how researchers and child advocates should take these developmental factors into account when considering children’s potential vulnerability as consumers.
Using the 2017 post-election German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES), this article examines the voters for the Alternative for Germany (AfD) in the 2017 German federal election. We show that AfD voters in 2017 were truly ‘flesh of the same flesh’ of the mainstream German political parties, with the AfD drawing its voters from across the political party spectrum as well as from previous non-voters in 2013. In contrast to previous scholarship, we find that in most respects AfD voters in 2017 did not differ demographically from voters for all other parties, be that in terms of gender, education, employment status, and union membership. Furthermore, we find that AfD voters were not driven by anxiety about their own economic situation: they are no ‘losers of globalisation.’ Instead, AfD voters in 2017 were driven solely by two factors: their attitudes towards immigrants/refugees and anti-establishment sentiment/satisfaction with democracy in Germany. 相似文献
This study used data from a sample of 6th to 12th grade students (N = 48,641, 51% female), nested in 192 schools, to determine if the influence of family-based protective factors varied across
different school contexts. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used to examine the effects of individual-level family
protective factors, relative to school-level aggregates of the same factors, on recent (past 30 days) use of cigarettes, alcohol,
and marijuana. Cross-level interactions indicated that the effect of the student’s level of family protection, relative to
other students in their school, differed depending on the aggregated school level of family protection. The results suggested
that the benefit of belonging to a well-functioning family was more influential for students attending schools characterized
by higher-than-average aggregated levels of protection compared to students attending schools of lower-than-average protection.
Thus, family-level factors offered less protection for students in relatively high-risk school contexts. These results were
consistent with a protective–reactive interaction and suggest that a thorough understanding of adolescent substance use must
consider the complex interplay among adolescents, their families, and their social environments. 相似文献
Underage drinking is among the most serious of public health problems facing adolescents in the United States. Recent concerns
have centered on young women, reflected in media reports and arrest statistics on their increasing problematic alcohol use.
This study rigorously examined whether girls’ alcohol use rose by applying time series methods to both arrest data, Uniform Crime Reports, and self-report data from Monitoring the Future, a nationally representative long-term survey gathered independently of crime control agents. All self-reported drinking behaviors
across all age groups show declining or unchanged female rates and no significant change in the gender gap, while the official
source displays a steady narrowing gender gap and some increase of female arrest rates for liquor law violations. Results
indicate that social control measures applied to underage drinking have shifted to target young women’s drinking patterns,
but their drinking has not become more widespread/problematic. Girls’ increased alcohol use and abuse is a socially constructed
problem, rather than the result of normalization of drinking or more strain in girls’ lives. Future underage drinking policies
and practices that apply legal intervention strategies to less chronic adolescent drinking behaviors will increase the visibility
of girls’ drinking. 相似文献
Latinas in the United States are at a disproportionate risk for STDs and sexual risk behaviors. Among Latinas, acculturation
has been found to be one of the most important predictors of these behaviors. Therefore, this study examined the longitudinal
association between Latina adolescents’ level of acculturation and multiple sexual risk outcomes, including self-report STD
diagnosis, four or more life-time sex partners, regret of sexual initiation after alcohol use, and lack of condom use during
young adulthood. Based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), this study includes a nationally
representative sample of 1,073 Latina adolescents (ages 11–20 at Wave 1) transitioning into young adulthood (ages 18–27 at
Wave 3). Our findings indicate that more acculturated Latinas who spoke English at home were more likely to have STDs and
to exhibit sexual risk behaviors than Latinas who were foreign-born and did not use English at home. Interventions that aim
to promote sexual and reproductive health among young Latinas should take into consideration their different levels of acculturation.
This approach holds greater potential for reducing health disparities among Latinas. 相似文献
Previous findings have shown both beneficial and adverse effects of parents’ attempts to influence adolescents’ eating habits.
The current study examined the differential effect of parents’ persuasion (e.g., encouragement, giving information) and pressure
tactics (e.g., guilt induction, ridicule) and the moderating influence of parental warmth on older adolescents’ emotional
and behavioral responses. An ethnically diverse sample of 336 older adolescents (M age = 18.6; SD = 1.1; 58.0% female) were surveyed. Adolescents who reported higher levels of pressure tactics by parents reported more negative
affect and behavioral resistance. Perceived parental warmth moderated the influence of persuasion tactics, but not pressure
tactics. For adolescents with low parental warmth, high levels of persuasion were associated with more negative emotional
and behavioral responses; persuasion had the opposite associations for adolescents with high parental warmth. These results
suggest that parental warmth plays an important role in how older adolescents respond to parents’ persuasion tactics. However,
when parents use more forceful pressure tactics to influence eating habits, adolescents react negatively regardless of the
overall quality of the parent–adolescent relationship. 相似文献
The purpose of the present study was to examine relations between adolescents’ social cognitions regarding parenting practices
and adolescents’ prosocial behavioral tendencies. A mediation model was tested whereby the degree to which adolescents perceived
their parents as responding appropriately to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors was hypothesized to predict adolescents’
tendencies toward prosocial behavior indirectly by way of adolescents’ prosocial values. Adolescents (N = 140; M age = 16.76 years, SD = .80; 64% girls; 91% European Americans) completed measures of prosocial values and of the appropriateness
with which they expected their parents to react to their prosocial and antisocial behaviors. In addition, teachers and parents
rated the adolescents’ tendencies for prosocial behaviors. A structural equation model test showed that the degree to which
adolescents expected their parents to respond appropriately to their prosocial behaviors was related positively to their prosocial
values, which in turn was positively associated with their tendencies to engage in prosocial behaviors (as reported by parents
and teachers). The findings provide evidence for the central role of adolescents’ evaluations and expectancies of parental
behaviors and of the role of values in predicting prosocial tendencies. Discussion focuses on the implications for moral socialization
theories and on the practical implications of these findings in understanding adolescents’ prosocial development. 相似文献
Studies using valid measures of monitoring activities have not found the anticipated main effects linking greater monitoring
activity with fewer behavioral problems. This study focused on two contexts in which monitoring activities may be particularly
influential. Early adolescents (n = 218, M age = 11.5 years, 51% female, 49% European American, 47% African American) reported their unsupervised time, beliefs about
the legitimacy of their parents’ authority, and their own involvement in antisocial behavior. Mothers and adolescents reported
their perceptions of adolescent disclosure and parental solicitation and control. Adolescents’ perceptions of greater parental
solicitation at age 11 were associated with less antisocial behavior at age 12 (when controlling for age 11 antisocial behavior)
among adolescents reporting large amounts of unsupervised time and weak legitimacy beliefs. Perceived parental solicitation
may be an effective deterrent of antisocial behavior when adolescents spend a lot of time unsupervised and for adolescents
who are likely to challenge the legitimacy of their parents’ authority. 相似文献