试论我国宏观调控手段综合协调制度的完善——从华尔街金融危机说起

宏观调控法律手段的综合协调制度对加大宏观调控的力度和增强宏观调控的效果都有积极的意义，特别是在应对经济危机等特殊时期，更显重要性。我国目前存在部门法规不健全、缺乏监督制约机制等诸多问题，应从制定宏观调控基本法、设立宏观调控综合机构等方面来建立和完善宏观调控法律手段的综合协调制度。     

Freedom to Hate

ABSTRACT

River Run High School, located in rural west central Florida, was the site for a case study of student conflict precipitated by the wearing and display of Confederate flags on campus. Following a series of tense student encounters over Confederate and other racist symbols, a conflict resolution team was invited to intervene. Team members created a series of student dialogues involving the principal disputants. Conversations revealed the basis of the conflict emanated from misunderstandings over history, stereotypical views of different ethnic groups, and inadequate lines of communication. While acknowledging the role for creating a climate of respect among students on campus, legal precedents have established students' rights to freedom of speech and expression that protect unpopular ideas. Tension and conflict on campus over free speech can be mitigated through ongoing dialogues among diverse segments of the student population.     

Reconstructing ‘conflict of interest’ in financial markets: Private management, public challenges, future prospects

Following widespread criticism of financial market (self-)regulation, there is a shift in regulatory mood, explored here with reference to evolving conceptions of conflict of interest. The pre-crisis distinction between conflict of interest (normal, manageable) and its exploitation (unacceptable, legally actionable) has become somewhat eroded, as exemplified by the SEC’s 2010 civil fraud action against investment bank Goldman Sachs. However the settlement of that case on the basis of ‘mistake’ left many questions unanswered: about the meaning(s) of conflict of interest, about managerial mistake versus exploitative intent in administrative/civil cases and equally about the potential for action under criminal law. Looking forward, a judgement of the European Court of Justice on insider trading – concerning a rebuttable assumption of intent – could be taken as a template for ‘drawing the line’ on conflict of interest. Acting on the basis of informational asymmetry could be taken as an indicator of intent and serious wrongdoing unless financial market actors can demonstrate otherwise.     

Job creation in fragile states through SME financing: notes from post-war Liberia

Sustainable job creation in post-conflict environments often involves financing private-sector development. However, a poor business climate and the erosion of capacity in the domestic private sector reduce the effectiveness of traditional financing strategies in post-conflict environments. Using the experience of post-war Liberia, this article discusses strategies for improving small and medium enterprise (SME) development projects in post-conflict environments through innovative financing which takes into account the effects of conflict on managerial and entrepreneurial capacity and the business climate. Implementation strategies that support conflict-sensitive post-conflict development are also discussed.     

从柬泰边境冲突看东盟冲突管理的困境与出路

东盟自成立以来,在地区管理中逐步形成了一套冲突管理机制。这一机制在维护地区和平与稳定中发挥了重大的作用。但是,柬泰冲突中东盟的无力表现则凸显了东盟冲突管理机制的困境。文章在四个方面提出提高东盟冲突管理能力的途径。     

刑事诉讼制度发展的三种模式：一个概要性的分析

从各国刑事诉讼制度变迁的基本事实出发,大致可以概括出三种不同的刑事诉讼制度发展模式,即立法修律模式、司法判例模式与试点实验模式.这三种模式具有不同的内在特质,在推动刑事诉讼制度发展上各有其独特优势与内在局限.各国刑事诉讼制度变迁的历程表明,刑事诉讼制度发展不能只依赖一种模式,应是多种模式的组合或交替使用.目前我国刑事诉讼制度发展主要依靠立法修律和试点实验,司法判例还未被有效运用.未来应该根据各国刑事诉讼制度发展的经验以及上述三种模式的实际价值与内在局限,合理确定我国刑事诉讼制度发展的模式组合。     

非诉行政执行制度若干问题探讨

非诉行政执行是我国行政强制制度的重要组成部分,该制度自《行政诉讼法》规定以来,虽不断发展,但在制度规范和实践操作中均存在诸多问题,需要进一步完善。突出地表现在因基本依据之间的矛盾、裁执分离模式处境尴尬等导致的模式不定,需要明确。因法院内部在立案、审查、执行各阶段机构不一;法院对于撤回执行申请的处理不统一;法院对非诉行政执行裁定书送达主体不清、程序不明等造成程序上的混乱,需要整合。因法院审查方式不明确;法院审查标准难以把握;法院审查后果的多样化等而产生的审查不清,需要规范。因权利人申请执行的具体行政行为范围过窄,条件不具体;未赋予被执行人对非诉行政执行裁定书的救济权而表现出的保障救济不足,需要弥补。     

重新认识我国行政组织立法模式

我国行政组织立法模式来源于苏维埃行政法实践,其属于社会主义法系模式,既不同于大陆法系模式,更不同于英美法系模式。这种立法模式的基本特点在于以国家管理机关为中心安排法律结构和法律位阶等级体系的模糊性。在当代中国,我国行政组织立法模式应该进一步完善。首先,以组织法律来构建我国行政组织法律体系是必要的。其次,以宪法为指导,确立行政组织法律主义这一组织法治原则。再次,在既有法律基础上构建我国行政组织立法模式。最后,重视行政组织法与行政管理法或行政作用法的密切联系。     

传统社会主义国家发展生产力的基本模式研究

传统的社会主义国家发展生产力的基本模式具有独特性,由于把马克思主义的基本结论作为建设社会主义的基本前提,因此,它们通过建立社会主义生产关系来推动生产力的发展。这种用既定的生产关系推动生产力发展的模式,既有对经典社会主义基本理论的坚持,也包含了根据国情探索落后国家发展生产力的新途径。实践证明,由于新的生产关系是生产力发展的前提而不是结果,生产关系大大超越了生产力水平,其结果就是传统社会主义国家的生产力长期得不到有效发展。所以,现存的社会主义国家必须改革传统的生产力发展模式,根据现实的生产力状况建立相应的生产关系,遵循生产力与生产关系矛盾运动规律。     

无直接利益冲突事件公安机关处置困境及对策研究

公安机关处置无直接利益冲突事件的困境主要体现为：事件发生前的信息缺失;事件处置时的缓慢与无效;事件处置后期的淡漠与回避。有针对性地提出了构建情报主导警务、建设快速反应及专门处置力量和后期的追踪处理机制的三大对策。