三株鸡马立克氏病病毒流行毒株基因组重复区的序列测定及分析

对国内3株马立克氏病病毒血清1型(Marek’s disease virus type 1,MDV-1)流行毒株的基因组重复区进行序列测定及分析,并与GenBank中登录的MDV-1参考毒株序列进行比较。结果显示,3株毒株的基因组重复区序列具有较高同源性,在进化上属于一独立分支。3株毒株的长重复区长度约为12kb,预测的开放阅读框(ORF)分别为43、40、43个;短重复区约为12kb,预测的ORF分别为27、25、26个。3株毒株的多个ORF中存在它们特有的共性氨基酸突变,是国内MDV-1流行毒株的特有的遗传性特征。该研究为我国MDV的流行、遗传变异及防控研究提供了材料。     

不同季节亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析

为探讨不同季节亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的相似性和稳定性。对采自雅安碧峰峡大熊猫基地3只亚成体大熊猫的粪便细菌总DNA进行了ERIC-PCR指纹图谱分析,并对ERIC-PCR指纹图谱中主带DNA片段进行回收、克隆测序及序列比对分析。结果显示,同一季节不同亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群结构的相似性较高,而不同季节同一亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群结构的相似性较低;亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的多样性可能受季节影响;大肠杆菌和柠檬酸杆菌为亚成体大熊猫肠道的优势细菌。表明,亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的多样性在一定程度上与季节有关。     

新城疫病毒La Sota疫苗株基因组全长cDNA克隆的构建及鉴定

为构建能为新城疫病毒拯救提供直接使用的全长cDNA克隆,利用分子克隆的方法,将新城疫病毒La Sota株全基因组分成末端部分重叠的11个片段(F1～F11),按其基因组顺序克隆至改造后的真核表达载体pVAXr上,同时在全长cDNA两侧引入T7启动子和丁型肝炎病毒核酶(Rib)序列,以确保病毒基因组转录产物的两端形成精确的核酸序列。鉴定结果表明,新城疫病毒La Sota株基因组全长cDNA已成功克隆至pVAXr上,命名为pVAXr-FL。本研究为新城疫病毒的拯救及外源基因的表达奠定了基础。     

Association of Five SNPs at the PARK16 locus as a Susceptibility Locus with Parkinson's Disease for Forensic Application

To investigate the association of five SNPs(rs823083,rs708723,rs4951261,rs823076 and rs16856110) at the PARK16 locus with Parkinson's disease(PD),and to potentiate its forensic application.The genomic DNAs of 215 PD patients and 212 matched controls from the northern Han Chinese population were amplified in two independent PCR systems and subsequently genotyped by digestion with the three endonucleases(Hinf Ⅰ,Nco Ⅰ and Msp Ⅰ).The genetic parameters and association studies were carried out with SPSS 13.0,Haploview version 4.2 and PLINK 1.07 softwares.We detected accurately all genotypes in the five SNPs with multiplex PCR-RFLP and mismatched multiplex PCR-RFLP techniques.The genotypes of four SNPs,except for rs823083,were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The four SNPs,rs16856110,rs4951261,rs708723 and rs823076,which were in linkage equilibrium,should not be associated with PD(P-values ranging from 0.077 to 0.544).The SNPs investigated at the PARK16 locus were not found to be involved in PD-associated blocks in the northern Han Chinese population.The allele distributions of rs708723,rs4951261,rs823076 and rs16856110 in the northern Han Chinese population can be highly polymorphic,which can be applied to genetic analysis and forensic practices.     

氢氧化铝纳米颗粒对鸡新城疫抗原的免疫佐剂效应

以新城疫病毒为抗原,制备纳米氢氧化铝和常规氢氧化铝佐剂灭活疫苗,分别免疫20日龄雏鸡,比较了免疫后2～24 d的抗体效价和外周血淋巴细胞CD4、CD8分子mRNA的表达水平。结果显示,纳米氢氧化铝佐剂组抗体效价在免疫后第10 d达到峰值,为6.67±0.58,免疫保护期超过9 d,常规氢氧化铝佐剂组抗体效价在免疫后第10 d达到峰值,为4.33±0.58,免疫保护期小于7 d;与常规氢氧化铝佐剂组相比,纳米氢氧化铝佐剂组免疫后4～17 d的CD4以及10～17 d的CD8分子mRNA的表达水平显著提高,在峰值时后者的表达量为前者的2.0和1.9倍。结果表明,纳米氢氧化铝佐剂能辅佐鸡体产生比常规氢氧化铝佐剂更强烈的体液免疫和细胞免疫。     

鸡大肝和大脾病免疫器官的病理学动态研究

用人工接种方法观察了鸡大肝和大脾（ＢＬＳ）病鸡免疫器官的大体和组织病理学的动态变化。大体变化除脾肿胀外,盲肠扁桃体、胸腺和腔上囊也发生肿胀、出血。组织病理学的主要特点是脾、盲肠扁桃体、胸腺、腔上囊和哈德尔氏腺除发生变性和坏死外,早期浆细胞和淋巴细胞增生,中、后期则出现巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和网状细胞等。结果表明,ＢＬＳ病的早期以体液免疫为主,后期的细胞免疫和体液免疫均增强,这两种免疫在此病的发生和发展过程中均起重要作用。     

Sudden Cardiac Deaths in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease with Structural Abnormalities: A Retrospective Review of Cases in the Cook County Medical Examiner's Office

Sudden cardiac death is a significant cause of mortality in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). The Cook County Medical Examiner's Office database was queried for cases of CHD as a cause of death in the period between July 2008 and April 2019. Twenty-two cases were identified, including 11 decedents with simple defects and 10 decedents with complex defects. All of the subjects were in apparent good health at the time of death. In the absence of other obvious causes of death, simple defects were considered cases of sudden cardiac death. Significant cardiac morphological changes were common in complex defects. While 16 cases had known, diagnosed/treated CHD, 5 cases had no diagnosis prior to autopsy. In these cases, the ability to recognize CHD (sometimes subtle) helped in determining the causes of death. Therefore, forensic pathologists must be able to properly recognize various forms of CHD and request consultations, when needed.     

新冠肺炎尸检:法医工作者面临的挑战与对策

新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")病例于2019年12月出现,疫情在短时间内蔓延,已导致数千名患者死亡。目前我们对新冠肺炎的致病、转归、致死的病理学机制了解甚少,尽早开展新冠肺炎死亡病例的尸体检验尤为重要,这给法医工作者带来了挑战。新冠肺炎尸检应在可以维持负压的独立解剖室进行,检验人员应严格按照三级防护标准穿戴防护用具,注重环境、器械、耗材的消毒以及废液废弃物处理。解剖及检验过程应规范、谨慎,尽量减少切割操作,并避免体液流出或组织飞溅导致病毒传播。本文将就法医工作者面临新冠肺炎尸检的挑战与对策做一述评。     

Rethinking Constructs of Maternity in the Novels of Elena Ferrante and Alice Sebold

This article explores how Alice Sebold and Elena Ferrante place the feminine—and indeed often the maternal—body at the very centre of their narratives. The body—as a locus that filters the broader tensions and conflicts experienced by their female protagonists—in fact emerges as a key site of ‘contestation’ in their works. Through a close analysis of a selection of ekphrastic images, and photographic metatexts in particular, the author draws attention to how the two authors employ textual negotiations of the feminine body to question and problematize normative conceptions of femininity and motherhood. Ultimately, the author suggests that they not only challenge but also shift the perspective of, or indeed refocalize the dominant visual narrative of, the maternal/feminine body and the long history of objectification of the latter. In so doing, the author situates the two writers at the forefront of rethinking contemporary constructs of maternity and femininity.     

Z-line examination by the PillCam~(TM) SB:Prospective comparison of three ingestion protocols

AIM:To evaluate the Z-line visualization by the PillCamTM SB2 using three different ingestion protocols. METHODS:Ninety consecutive patients undergoing small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE)between January and May 2008 were included in the study. They swallowed the capsule in the standing(Group A= 30),supine(Group B=30)and right supine positions (Group C=30).Baseline patient characteristics, difficulties in capsule ingestion,esophageal transit times(ETT)and Z-line visualization were noted. RESULTS:No significa...