瞿秋白与共产国际直接指导召开的中共六大

中共六大是由共产国际直接指导召开的,是中共党的历史上惟一一次在国外召开的代表大会。瞿秋白作为上届党中央的主要负责人和盲动主义错误的主要施行者,既是大会筹备和召开的主要组织者和主持人,又是大会的主要被批评对象。在中共六大上,瞿秋白因犯过盲动主义错误,失去了共产国际的支持,其领导职务被工人出身的向忠发接替。由同一个人来承担党代会批评甚至是批判的接受者以及唱主角的组织者,这在中共历次代表大会中是惟一的一次;而一个在党的代表大会上唱主角的党中央主要负责人又没有被大会当选为继任,这同样也是中共历次代表大会中的惟一一次。另外,六大诞生了中共党的历史上惟一一任工人出身的总书记。可以说,这么几个"惟一"都与共产国际的直接安排密切相关。     

MVR-PCR及其法医学的应用

小卫星可变重复单位作图(MinisatelliteVariantRepeatmapping,MVRmapping)是近十年发展起来的一项DNA分析技术。本综述对该技术的分子学基础、发展过程及其在法医学的应用作了系统的阐述。认为该技术在个人识别与亲子鉴定方面发挥着为其它DNA分析技术所不可替代的作用,正在成为法医学生物检材检验的重要手段之一。     

HLA-DRB1基因分型芯片的法医物证学应用价值研究

目的对HLA-DRB1基因分型芯片在个体识别中的应用价值进行研究。方法根据HLA-DRB1基因座不同等位基因的独特序列设计探针,制成分型芯片。将待测样品DNA用末端标记了CY5的引物进行PCR扩增,产物与芯片进行杂交,根据杂交产生的荧光信号值确定样品在HLA-DRB1位点的基因型。将这一方法应用于561份样本的HLA-DRB1基因分型,根据基因型分布统计分析其法医学应用价值。同时,进行了家系调查和方法灵敏度分析,并应用于部分案例。结果利用微量检材,HLA-DRB1基因芯片可检测DRB1位点等位基因26个,基因型的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,该位点的观察杂合度(Ho)为0.888,期望杂合度(He)为0.902,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.893,平均非父排除率(PE)为0.801。家系调查和案例运用的结果表明,HLA-DRB1位点等位基因由亲代向子代的传递符合孟德尔遗传定律。结论HLA-DRB1为高度多态位点,其基因分型芯片可在亲子鉴定和个体识别中发挥重要作用。     

Trade Measures and Climate Compliance: Institutional Interplay Between WTO and the Marrakesh Accords

This article examines the potential of trade measures to induce more climate-friendly policies, focusing on the relationship between global trade rules and the Kyoto climate regime. At the core of this interplay is the normative consistency of trade-related rules in the two regimes and any hierarchical relationship between them. The stronger clout of the WTO and its compulsory dispute settlement system suggest that issues involving competing claims would be referred to WTO bodies. Such bodies have so far been restrictive regarding the exceptions in WTO agreements to the general ban on embargoes and discrimination. The normative compatibility of the two regimes will also depend on their participatory interplay, specifically how they differentiate groups of actors as to rights and obligations. Non-members of WTO receive the least protection, and their vulnerability to climate-related trade measures is largely determined by their interdependence with states that consider employment of such measures. Among WTO members, the findings of a dispute settlement body would presumably differ depending on the status of the target under the Kyoto Protocol. A non-complier with Kyoto commitments would be more shielded than a non-party, because by joining the Kyoto regime a non-complier has exposed itself to regime-internal and less trade intrusive measures that should be exhausted first. A third dimension of interplay is linkage, or efforts to influence the regime interplay. To date there has only been moderate cross-agency coordination, but considerable attention is paid within each regime, including in the Millennium Round of trade negotiations, to the desirability of avoiding conflict between them.     

Finger in the Dyke or the Floodgates Stemmed? Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002

This article considers Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002 in the context of post-War developments in labour relations culminating in the National Industrial Relations Court. It considers the development of Employment Tribunal which rather than being the last resort intended by the legislators, has become the first resort of complainants, often for trivial matters by employees; or by employers taking an extremely broad view of Gross Misconduct by employees. Due to the volume of cases and the shortage of Chairs, cases are constantly delayed and postponed. The article posits that these are the principle reason behind the framing of Sections 29–40 of the Employment Act 2002 which introduced a new Section 9(1)(a) into the Employment Tribunals Act 1995. This has given the Chair of an Employment Tribunal the authority to strike out a weak case at a Pre-Hearing Review that will strike the case out once and for all at this juncture. The aim is to encourage employers to have proper procedures and for employees to follow them. This article suggests that in fact the reforms will have the opposite effect; that they have introduced another layer of legal complexity which will further increase the number of cases brought before the Employment Tribunal.     

民主选举：从村级到乡镇级

最近几年的村民委员会改选实现了真正的民主选举。村级民主选举将从根本上动摇村干部配合乡镇政府乱收费的行为,但这会强化乡镇政府所属的众多的站、所、室及公司直接进入市场,征收费用。乡镇政府的市场介入会导致巨大的效率损失。因此,有必要规范乡镇政府行为,而实现乡镇级民主选举则是规范乡镇政府行为的必然选择。而且,从笔者论证的结果和选举实践来看,在我国实行乡镇级民主选举是可行的。     

党的十六大报告提出的新思想

十六大报告在“七一”讲话创新的基础上 ,又有了新的发展 ,提出了许多新思想 ,主要包括 :全面贯彻“三个代表”的“关键在坚持与时俱进、核心在保持党的先进性、本质在坚持执政为民” ;“必须把发展作为执政兴国的第一要务” ;把“与时俱进”同“解放思想、实事求是”一起作为党的思想路线的基本内容 ;在新世纪我们遇到了一个求发展的“战略机遇期” ;在本世纪头二十年“基本实现工业化、大力推进信息化、加强建设现代化” ;“发展社会主义民主政治 ,建设社会主义政治文明” ;必须用“三个代表”重要思想统领社会主义文化建设 ;以改革精神推进党的建设 ,不断为党的肌体注入新活力。     

江泽民"七一"讲话的理论创新

理论创新是中国共产党充满勃勃生机的体现.江泽民总书记的"七一"讲话通篇贯穿理论创新的精神,是对马克思主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论的又一新的重大发展.学习和研究江泽民"七一"讲话的理论创新精神,对搞好党的建设、加快社会主义现代化建设具有重要的深远的历史意义.     

壮族人群3个STR基因座基因频率分布及其法医学应用

研究3个STR基因座（D21S11、HumFGA、D19S253）在广西壮族人群中的基因频率分布及其在实际检案中的应用价值。以自制等位基因Ladder样品作为标准对照,用PCR结合PAGE技术对3个STR基因座的扩增产物进行分型。结果显示：D21S11基因座有14个等位基因,有44个基因型;HumFGA基因座有15个等位基因,40个基因型;D195253基因座有9个等位基因,23个基因型。经检验,3个STR基因座基因型分布均符合Hardy－Weinberg平衡,累计个体识别力（DP）为0．9995。3个STR基因座在壮族人群属高识别力遗传标记系统,在法医学个体识别及亲权鉴定方面有重要价值。     

草鱼胆汁提取物急性中毒的实验病理

研究草鱼胆汁提取物（鲤醇硫酸酯钠）对小鼠毒性作用的病理变化及其作用机制。按1．5LD50、1．0LD50和0．5LD50的剂量给昆明小鼠1次腹腔注射1％鲤醇硫酸酯钠溶液和按0．5LD50的剂量给昆明小鼠多次腹腔注射1％的鲤醇硫酸酯钠溶液,观察中毒小鼠各主要脏器的病理变化。中毒小鼠主要脏器的病理变化与草鱼胆汁中毒十分相似：心肌细胞水肿,严重者可见灶性肌溶解坏死;肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死,肾小球滤过膜各层均有不同程度的病变。通过酶组织化学方法发现鲤醇硫酸酯钠对心肌SDH及CCO有明显的抑制作用。鲤醇硫酸酯钠是草鱼胆汁的主要毒性成分之一。