虚开增值税专用发票罪客观行为的共犯论展开

《刑法》第二百零五条第四款对虚开增值税专用发票罪的客观行为方式进行了明文列举。其中，让他人为自己虚开，是立法上对必要共犯中的对向行为进行处罚的特别规定。介绍他人虚开，本属于虚开增值税专用发票的帮助行为，本条的规定是将共犯行为实行行为化，也应认为是一种特别规定。自然人介绍单位之间虚开增值税专用发票的，对自然人不应适用死刑。     

物尽其用与矿业权出资入股

判断资源是否得到了合理的配置，需考虑供给与需求的关系。在供给有限的前提下，合理的资源配置决定着人们的需求能够在多大程度上得到满足。不合理的资源配置决策含浪费稀缺资源，降低需要被满足的程度。就矿业权来讲，它在取得时已经发生了大量的成本消耗，再加之资源存在的有限，若将之用于出资，既是封矿藏价值的尊重，又可实现价值利用的最大化。本文试从矿业权物权理论出发，阐述矿业权出资入股符合物尽其用原则的要求。     

邓小平领导决策取向问题探讨

决策思想是邓小平领导思想的重要组成部分。邓小平决策思想按其内在的逻辑顺序,可分为价值取向,目标取向和方法取向。价值取向是决策的前提和依据;目标取向是决策要达到的目标;方法取向是实施目标所采用的手段。3者缺一不可,共同构成了邓小平决策思想的完整体系。     

Building informal knowledge‐sharing relationships between policy makers and academics: Insights from a PM&C engagement project

This article outlines an innovative project to encourage knowledge sharing and engagement between academics and a policy team within the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (PM&C). The project was designed to enhance policy advice by drawing on a group of academics outside the policy ranks to act as a sounding board, to question, and provide differing perspectives within the policy process of crafting advice to government. External expertise and particularly academic research has the potential to improve evidence‐based policy but often fails to be specific or timely for those at the “pointy end” of policy decision making. An informal knowledge sharing framework has the potential to improve the exchange of information through confidential and targeted conversations between researchers and public servants as one way of overcoming these barriers.     

National parliamentary control and voting in the Council of the European Union

This article explores the different ways governments express dissent in the Council of the European Union (EU) through ‘No’ votes, abstentions and recorded negative statements. A game-theoretical model is presented that studies voting behaviour and analyses how the national parliaments’ levels of control over their governments’ EU policies affect it. It is concluded that governments that are strongly controlled by their parliaments are not more likely to express dissent. However, when they do express dissent, they vote ‘No’ more often. Parliamentary control depends on the presence of formal oversight institutions as well as the motivation of parliamentarians to hold their governments accountable. Empirical support is found in an analysis of votes on 1,387 legislative proposals that represent more than a decade of Council decision making in the period 2004–2014. This article contributes to the discussion on the involvement of national parliaments in EU affairs, and clearly distinguishes the different forms of dissent in Council decision making.     

Regulating Autonomy: An Assessment of Policy Language for Highly Automated Vehicles

Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology.     

论自动驾驶汽车生产者的刑事责任

自动驾驶汽车是人类研发、制造、使用和管理的智能产品,不是犯罪主体或刑事责任主体。在自动驾驶汽车自主控制状态下发生交通事故的,其生产者、使用者和其他人员难以按照我国现有刑法的罪名定罪处罚。除非道路交通安全法和刑法有专门的规定,驾驶位人员不接管汽车或接管后无力改变交通事故结果的,不构成交通肇事罪或其他管理过失犯罪。驾驶位人员的注意义务是阻止自动驾驶汽车自主控制下发生交通事故,其注意义务不应过高。允许的风险、紧急避险理论不能为自动驾驶汽车紧急路况处理算法的生产与应用提供合法、合理的解决方案,生产者遵守算法安全标准仅可以使生产行为合法化。鉴于现行刑法不适应自动驾驶汽车应用的特性,我国应当建立以生产者全程负责为中心的新刑事责任体系,使之在自动驾驶汽车生产和应用两个阶段承担安全管理责任,生产者拒不履行自动驾驶汽车应用安全管理义务且情节严重的,应当承担刑事责任。     

充分发挥工会信息的作用

信息工作是工会切实履行好“第一知情人”和“第一报告人”职责的主要渠道。它具有政治性、政策性、内部性和层级性，应紧紧围绕重点工作做好其收集、整理、审核与报送，以为有关领导和上级机关的科学决策提供有价值的参考。     

两种主体立法之比较评价

本文对公民直接立法和代议机关立法的短长及其一般发展趋势进行了对比分析 ,认为 :两种立法形式各有短处和长处 ;从民主政治的要求和发展趋势来看 ,公民直接立法是最理想的立法形式 ,代表着立法形式的发展方向 ;从社会发展的现实来看 ,立法的基本形式只能是代议机关立法 ,但公民直接立法应作为代议机关立法的必要补充。     

“真”的美化与“美”的真化——从美学角度看纪录片创作的“合法手段”

“真”的美化和“美”的真化是纪录片创作中一个不可分割的双向流动过程。在此过程中出现的某种最初契合 ,不仅表征为艺术创作过程的真正起点 ,同时也表征为艺术家对真善美统一的审美价值的求索过程。纪录片创作者只有不断地深入体验生活 ,并通过展示“非虚构”的生活而物化成作品 ,才能创作出优秀的记录片