四川涉藏地区民警心理健康需求特点

采用自编四川涉藏地区民警心理健康需求半开放式问卷,随机对400名四川涉藏地区公安民警进行调查,并对结果进行卡方检验,结果发现,认为自己需要心理健康服务的民警有175人(47.8%);最困扰民警的心理问题依次是工作压力问题、亲子教育问题、情绪问题(紧张、焦虑、抑郁等)、家庭问题等;民警常用娱乐消遣、寻找亲人和朋友的支持、运动排解和不管它等方式处理心理问题;民警希望得到压力管理教育、不良情绪调控、心理常识教育和人际教育等心理服务内容和情绪调控、压力管理、职业技能训练等心理训练内容;民警最希望能够通过音乐放松、与专业人员交流、心理健康讲座等方式得到心理健康服务。不同群体民警间的部分心理问题及心理需求存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。四川涉藏地区民警对心理健康服务有需求,且存在明显的人群差异性,心理干预需充分考虑其差异,以提高其适用性。     

A rare case of sudden death due to IgG4-related giant coronary artery aneurysms

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory condition that can affect many organs, either simultaneously or metachronously. In recent years, IgG4-related vascular complications of larger arteries such as the aorta and iliac arteries have been increasingly identified. Among vascular complications, coronary artery involvement in the forms of either periarteritis or coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) has also been reported; however, are very rare in comparison. This case report presents a rare case of a sudden death due to occlusive thrombosis of IgG4-related giant CAAs measuring up to 10 cm in diameter, demonstrates their possible clinical progression, and shows how they can distort normal anatomy which may then pose challenges in the interpretation of postmortem-computed tomography scans. It also briefly discusses the diagnosis of IgG4-RD in arteries, both clinically and in the postmortem setting.     

Mental Illness and Legal Fitness (Competence) to Stand Trial in New York State: Expert Opinion and Criminal Defendants' Psychiatric Symptoms,

Fitness to Stand Trial is a critical concept in the adjudication of justice‐involved persons. A retrospective study was conducted to examine criminal defendants' specific psychiatric symptoms and those symptoms' associations with expert opinions on Competence to Stand Trial. One hundred charts were reviewed: 50 Cases (opined as Not Fit) were compared against 50 Controls (opined as Fit) with respect to ratings on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). A significance level of 0.001 was selected a priori. Statistically significant differences were found in seven of the eighteen BPRS symptom constructs (with the highest differences in Conceptual Disorganization and Unusual Thought Content) and two of the four BPRS higher‐order syndrome factors (Thinking Disorder and Hostile‐Suspiciousness). Consistent with previous reports, psychotic symptoms are found in this study to be inversely associated with Fitness. Validity, reliability, and limitations of this study, as well as directions for future research, are discussed herein.     

工会干部心理调适能力刍议

工会干部身处协调劳动关系第一线,肩负重大的社会责任,需要面对各种各样的新情况、新问题,所承受的心理压力越来越大,由此引发的心理健康问题也越来越多,这就需要工会干部学会自我调适,不断提高在各种压力、困难和考验面前自我调适的能力。     

外伤性硬脑膜下积液者90项症状自评量表评分分析

目的探讨外伤性硬脑膜下积液者的90项症状自评量表(Symptom Check List-90,SCL-90)分值变化的影响因素。方法选取皖南医学院司法鉴定中心2007—2018年受理的142例外伤性硬脑膜下积液的被鉴定人进行SCL-90测试,分析测得SCL-90得分与全国常模的差异,以及性别、年龄、文化程度、积液范围及部位对SCL-90分值的影响。结果外伤性硬脑膜下积液SCL-90的躯体化、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分值及总均分与全国常模比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),男女性之间抑郁和敌对因子分值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同年龄段间强迫、焦虑、恐怖因子分值及总均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同受教育程度人群中敌对、偏执和精神病性因子分值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),单部位、双部位与多部位间抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖因子分值及总均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),左脑区、双脑区与右脑区相比躯体化、抑郁、焦虑因子分值及总均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论外伤性硬脑膜下积液可引起一定的精神心理变化,该变化与蛛网膜破裂的原发伤以及硬脑膜下积液范围和部位相关,进行精神心理症状评估时应注意上述因素的影响。     

传染病防治失职罪的适用困境与刑法应对

正在经历的新冠肺炎疫情使我们更加深刻地认识到传染病防治渎职行为的严重危害.但是,刑法第409条对传染病防治失职罪的立法规定,明显存在主体范围狭窄、行为方式单一、入罪门槛过高、刑罚配置失衡等问题.为了提高传染病防治渎职犯罪的治理效能,应当及时采取扩大主体范围、增列行为方式、降低入罪门槛、科学配置刑罚等措施,提高刑法第409条罪刑规范在传染病防治渎职犯罪治理中的能力和水平.     

氯喹类药物在新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗中的试用及其法医毒理学研究进展

氯喹类药物是一类历史悠久的处方药,临床常用于抗疟疾及结缔组织病的治疗。2019年12月以来,在我国各地和世界多国发生了由2019新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情。由于缺乏针对COVID-19的药物,导致该病迅速蔓延且死亡率较高,因此亟待快速筛选抗2019-nCoV的特效药物,已批准使用的抗疟药磷酸氯喹被证实具有抗2019-nCoV的作用,并被纳入诊疗指南。但对磷酸氯喹引起急性中毒甚至死亡的风险意识也应同时加强,当前临床推荐剂量较以往治疗疟疾用药剂量偏大、疗程偏长,多地已要求临床密切监测不良反应。本文从法医学的角度,对氯喹类药物的药理作用、中毒与毒理作用机制、体内代谢与分布及法医学鉴定要点进行综述,以期为法医学实践及临床工作提供帮助。     

国家治理现代化背景下重大疫情城乡联动防控策略研究——以2020新冠病毒肺炎的实际发展为例

此次新冠病毒肺炎是对国家治理现代化背景下突发性公共事件的一次直接考验。总体而言,仅仅依靠政府的单一力量很难迅速、快捷地形成应对策略,难以保证社会的总体稳定,而社会稳定的大后方主要依赖于城乡联动防控的支撑。自2003年“非典”以来,我国就格外重视对城乡联动防控策略研究。简言之,对城乡联动防控策略的探究,是应对当下肺炎疫情的一项关键举措。不难看出,此次疫情防疫阻击战,侧面暴露出城乡之间疫情防控措施的诸多不足。因此,以政府为主导,最大限度地运用城乡联动防控策略,将成为此次防疫阻击战胜利的关键所在。     

Refugees Who Have Experienced Extreme Cruelty: A Qualitative Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing after Being Granted Leave to Remain in the UK

Abstract

This study explores how vulnerable refugees’ experiences in the first year after being granted leave to remain in the UK impact on mental health and wellbeing. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with refugee survivors of extreme cruelty. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis with a narrative influence. Reported challenges included requirements to organize housing, finances and welfare benefits rapidly. Most respondents reported low mood, worry, exacerbated PTSD symptoms, physical ailments and isolation, but valued stable housing, meaningful activities, emotional support and service provider sensitivity in managing this transition. Policy and service recommendations are made, to assist integration and improve wellbeing.     

Z穴位注射丹参注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病缓解期34例

目的 观察穴位注射丹参注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）缓解期的临床疗效。方法 将68例COPD缓解期患者随机单盲分为治疗组34例及对照组34例,治疗组在常规综合治疗基础上加用丹参注射液穴位注射（选穴：定喘、肺俞、肾俞、脾俞、足三里）,每周1次,3个月为1个疗程;对照组采用常规综合治疗,治疗3个月。两组患者均在治疗前后使用COPD评估测试（COPD assessment test TM,CAT）进行评分,并检测第1秒用力肺活量(forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)及其占预计值的百分比(FEV1%)、FEV1与用力肺活量（forced vital capacity,FVC）的比值（FEV1／FVC）,及检测血液T细胞亚群（CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+）的变化情况。 结果 治疗后治疗组CAT评分显著低于对照组（P<0.01）;CD4+ T细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+比值显著高于对照组(P<0.05,或P<0.01),CD8+ T细胞百分比显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后治疗组FEV1、FEV1%、FEV1／FVC显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。结论 在常规治疗基础上穴位注射丹参注射液可以改善COPD缓解期患者生活质量,改善肺通气功能,提高患者免疫力。