表见代理构成中的本人归责性要件——方法论角度的再思考

表见代理的构成,需要本人具有归责性。归责性的要件地位之确立,在价值实现和逻辑贯彻之外,尚有着重大的方法论意义。归责性具有程度之维,其要件地位的确立,使得一项比较权衡的框架得以建立,从而可通过本人归责性程度与相对人信赖合理性程度的比较权衡,来决定相应的法律构成和效果。从解释论的角度看,对于《合同法》第49条之规定,透过文义、历史、比较法等解释方法,可确立本人归责性的要件地位。     

社会转型过程中我国政治权威合法性论析

在我国社会转型的过程中,政治权威合法性面临一定的困境,主要表现为宪政健全与发展不足,国家的符号解释能力和可信度受到一定程度置疑,经济绩效的＂政绩困局＂和政治腐败现象损害合法性基础。解决路径在于国家政治权威合法性的制度创新,即建立起国家权力的相对自主性机制、国家行动能力的适度有效性机制和国家权威的制度化合法性机制。通过制度创新确立国家权力、国家行动能力和国家权威的限度,以期政治权威合法性得以重构。     

群体性事件现场中的劝说艺术及影响因素

群体性事件基本上属于人民内部矛盾。因此,在处置过程中应最大限度地运用解决人民内部矛盾的方法和手段。劝说就是其一。影响劝说的因素主要有劝说者、被劝说者和劝说环境。要获得理想的劝说效果,必须运用得体的劝说技巧,如培养个人魅力、动之以情、晓之以理、情理相济、标签法、以害怵之法等。     

技术性：司法权威的一个内在面向

在当前我国司法实践不断呈现社会化发展趋势的时代背景下,热点司法个案已开始成为社会舆论所关注的焦点,相关的司法风险也在逐渐地呈现.就司法的社会公信力而言,中国司法似乎已经无奈地陷入到了塔西佗陷阱当中.在司法权威的建构上,中国司法迫切地需要在司法的技术性层面不断地努力.虽然司法技术并不构成公正司法的充分条件,但无疑却是必要条件和最低评价标准.对于司法权威而言,技术性乃是司法权威的一个内在面向,技术性司法权威的建构需要通过自身的不断努力来获得社会的普遍性认同.     

把警察权力关进制度的笼子——以警察权力扩张引发涉警群体性事件为视角

警察权力是国家权力的重要组成部分,它来源于公民权利,又服务于公民权利,两者既相互依存,又须保持动态平衡.而近年来涉警群体性事件的频发,从深层原因来分析,主要是由于警察权力的盲目扩张、高度扩张,造成警察权力的滥用,严重侵犯了人民群众自身的利益,因此一定要把警察权力关进制度的笼子,防止其侵害公民权益.     

Explaining and Justifying Authoritative Decisions: The Case of Controversial Facilities for the Homeless in Rotterdam

Abstract

This article analyses the ways in which local executive leaders rendered account for the decisions taken on where to locate 19 controversial facilities for the homeless in the Dutch city of Rotterdam. Despite the non-participatory nature of the decision-making process, executive leaders acquired a remarkable level of authority for their decisions. The analysis suggests that the accountability strategies employed by local executive leaders contributed substantially to this success. Specific ways of rendering account for the decisions made concerning the locations enabled local executives to develop the political repertoires necessary to make the authoritative decisions they deemed indispensable. Most important among these ways were the executives' recognition of the importance of forming direct, informal accountability relationships with local residents, the proactive rendering of account and the executives' partial control over the forums to which account was rendered. The author concludes that an authoritative ‘Decide - Announce - Defend’ approach may not yet be out of fashion in modern local governance. The findings suggest that we will better understand the practice of public accountability if we supplement the existing conceptual frameworks for analysing and assessing public accountability arrangements with an alternative conception of accountability that focuses on the strategic aspects of rendering account. ^{1 1.}?An earlier version of this article was presented at the 2009 EGPA Permanent Study Group Local Governance and Democracy, in the section themed New Forms of Local Democracy. The author thanks two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of the article.      

How does intergovernmental fiscal environment affect general fund balances of major American cities?

This study explores the extent to which intergovernmental fiscal factors affect fiscal reserves in municipal general funds. Statistical results from panel data of 87 major cities in the US for the period from 1995 to 2010 show that cities facing more restrictive limitations on local property taxation tend to maintain higher levels of unreserved general fund balances. Additional analyses also show that fiscally constrained cities accumulate surpluses in their general funds. This is consistent with the proactive approach in which municipal governments make fiscal decisions with the awareness of expected state constraints on their revenue-raising capacity. We call for consideration of relevant intergovernmental constraints in the determination of appropriate level of fund balances for municipal governments.     

货币权力的宪法规制及其路径选择简

在现代经济社会,不可兑换的信用货币体制和政府财政权的扩张导致了纸币的持续超发,也肇始了愈发严重的金融危机或经济危机接踵而至,进而侵犯人民的财产权利,而需要在宪法位阶上对中央银行的货币权力进行合理的制度规范。货币权力的宪法规制不但要赋予中央银行独立行使职权的法律地位,还应当通过对中央银行的货币权力予以宪法性约束,使其权力运行真正能够受到民主监督的制约,以期实现对人民基本权利之有效保障。     

论立法体制的完善

推进科学立法,关键是完善立法体制.在职权立法体制中,应明确权力机关与行政机关之间、人大与人大常委会之间、权力机关上下级之间和行政机关上下级之间立法职权的划分.在授权立法体制中,应明晰全国人大及其常委会授权国务院制定行政法规,全国人大授权经济特区所在地的省、市人大及其常委会制定经济特区法规,全国人大及其常委会授权暂时调整...     

论宋代刑事审判权的制约机制

宋代刑事审判制度尽管在一般层面上仍未跳出封建式刑事审判制度的巢臼,但在具体制度的建构上却呈现出有别于中国封建社会其他朝代的独特风貌.宋代刑事审判制度的显著特点在于强调对刑事审判权的制约.可以说,宋代刑事审判权制约机制的设计和运行为确保刑事审判权的正确行使和刑事案件的公正处理莫定了坚实的基础.