重塑程序意识——论程序法与实体法的关系

本文从法哲学的高度,通过对程序法与实体法在实践意义上的同一性、目的与手段的辩证关系以及程序法与实体法之间的现实性与可能性联系等三个方面的论述,阐明了程序法与实体法的关系及程序法的重要价值,并对程序法的概念作出了新的界定,提出程序法与实体法区别的相对性,程序正义包涵着无限的实体正义,程序法赋予实体法以现实的法律意义和现实的实体意义等观点。     

我国对外资银行金融监管体制的设计与创新

我国对外资银行主要实行市场准入、业务经营、资本金、税收方面的监管,但存在的问题不少,主要是监管目标的错位,导致不正当竞争,监管法律不完善等。问题的原因在于监管法治化水平不足、监管目标混乱、体制不合理。解决办法有两方面：一是宏观模式的选择,二是微观规制的创新     

法典修订与理论更新——论“97刑法”典总则的价值取向

通过与“79刑法”相比较,详细论证了“97刑法”的九大价值取向,指出新刑法是对中外刑法理论研究成果和司法实践经验的科学总结和升华。     

扰乱法庭秩序罪研究

扰乱法庭秩序罪是新刑法增设的一个新罪名,为了更进一步地贯彻新刑法的立法精神,本文作者从该罪的立法缘起、概念和特征、罪间界限以及其他应当注意的问题等方面,作了较为深入、具体的研究和探讨,以期对司法实践中如何正确地处理好这一方面的问题有所裨益。     

Education cooperation in the European Union at the threshold of the New Millenium

The principles of ‘double relevance’ and ‘user-friendliness’ are seen as being essential for the implementation of the EU education programmes SOCRATES II and LEONARDO da VINCI II. Against the background of the acquis in EU education cooperation two points are explored: a) the articles of the Treaty are not fully used, and b) the framework set is increasingly proving to be too restrictive. The Luxemburg process and the Bologna conference are the reason for the second point. The opinion is put forward that the exchanges of students and teachers and the information exchange can be further europeanized and, eventually, be organized in permanent European structures. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Assessing Stability and Change in Criminal Offending: A Comparison of Random Effects, Semiparametric, and Fixed Effects Modeling Strategies

An important theoretical problem for criminologists is an explanation forthe robust positive correlation between prior and future criminaloffending. Nagin and Paternoster (1991) have suggested that the correlationcould be due to time-stable population differences in the underlyingproneness to commit crimes (population heterogeneity) and/or thecriminogenic effect that crime has on social bonds, conventionalattachments, and the like (state dependence). Because of data andmeasurement limitations, the disentangling of population heterogeneityand state dependence requires that researchers control for unmeasuredpersistent heterogeneity. Frequently, random effects probit models havebeen employed, which, while user-friendly, make a strong parametricassumption that the unobserved heterogeneity in the population follows anormal distribution. Although semiparametric alternatives to the randomeffects probit model have recently appeared in the literature to avoid thisproblem, in this paper we return to reconsider the fully parametric model. Viasimulation evidence, we first show that the random effects probit modelproduces biased estimates as the departure of heterogeneity from normalitybecomes more substantial. Using the 1958 Philadelphia cohort data, we thencompare the results from a random effects probit model with a semiparametricprobit model and a fixed effects logit model that makes no assumptions aboutthe distribution of unobserved heterogeneity. We found that with this dataset all three models converged on the same substantive result—evenafter controlling for unobserved persistent heterogeneity, with models thattreat the unobserved heterogeneity very differently, prior conduct had apronounced effect on subsequent offending. These results are inconsistentwith a model that attributes all of the positive correlation between priorand future offending to differences in criminal propensity. Sinceresearchers will often be completely blind with respect to the tenabilityof the normality assumption, we conclude that different estimationstrategies should be brought to bear on the data.     

创新:21世纪初期的中国军事法学

中国军事法学在进入２１世纪时, 已经构建了学科体系, 初步确立了中国军事法的体系框架, 对军事法制建设和依法治军的研究取得了丰硕的成果, 但军事理论法学还没有真正建立起来,研究的范围也还局限在传统的领域。２１ 世纪初期 （２０２０ 年前）, 我国经济体制的转变和世界性的新军事革命, 将使军队 “三化”建设进入更高的层次, 准备应对高技术局部战争将更加紧迫。这些都要求军事法学为其提供及时、有效的服务。因此, 中国军事法学在２１ 世纪初期的创新, 应着力于建设军事理论法学、深化依法治军研究和高技术局部战争法律问题的研究, 拿出切实管用的成果。在全局上, 要继续以邓小平新时期军事法制建设理论为指导; 在具体工作中, 坚持有限目标和局部优势、学科平衡和重点发展、开放性研究等原则, 并采取一系列相应的措施。     

中法犯罪侦查制度比较研究

中法两国的犯罪侦查制度各有特点。中国侦查机关的单一系统有利于侦查部门的协作配合,侦查效率高;法国侦查机关的两个系统侦查权限不明,侦查效率低。中国实行专门化侦查与一般化侦查相结合的侦查模式可以节省警力;法国实行的专门化侦查模式有利于提高破案率。中国实行的一步式侦查有利于增强侦查人员的责任心;法国实行的二步式侦查有利于在人员的使用上扬长避短。对于侦查人员的讯问,在中国,犯罪嫌疑人必须如实回答;在法国,犯罪嫌疑人享有不供述的权利。对于拒绝作证的人,中国不采取强制措施、实施处罚;法国可以采取强制措施、实施处罚。比较两国犯罪侦查制度的异同,评价两者的优点、缺点,吸收、借鉴对方的有益经验,有利于完善我国的犯罪侦查制度。     

单位共同犯罪及其刑事责任剖析

单位共同犯罪,是我国刑事立法和理论的一个发展,文章对单位共同犯罪的特征、形态、责任,在与自然人共同犯罪进行比较的基础上,作了具体剖析     

The Investigation and Trial of Criminal Offences in the New Century – The Need for a Radical Change

This is the text of the Liverpool Law Review Annual Lecture 1999. Mr. Justice Hooper speaks about the need for a radical reform of the practices and procedures and rules of evidence in the Criminal Courts in England and Wales. Radical reform is needed at all stages of the process including the investigation stage, the pre-trial stage and at the trial itself. Substantive law reform is also long overdue and there is a real need to consider a new approach by the adoption of a comprehensive criminal code. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.